PostDoctoral Research Fellowship: The Role of Group - Based Emotions in Middle-Class Afro-American Efforts to Address Their Obligation to the Black Community

这个NSF少数民族博士后研究项目在社会科学和行为科学中研究了基于群体的情绪，特别是内疚和羞耻，在中产阶级非裔美国人努力解决他们对黑人社区的义务方面所起的作用。过去对群体情绪的研究表明，集体内疚需要承认一定程度的群体对伤害他人的责任(Lickel，Schmader，Barquissau，2004；Swim&Amp；Miller，1999)。这些情绪可能会导致这个人采取行动，努力纠正他们的错误行为(例如，捐赠时间/金钱)。该项目提出，非裔美国人基于群体的情感也可以激励捐款。讨论了这些基于群体的情绪与主要群体成员所报告的情绪之间的质的差异。在建立了适用于评估中产阶级非裔美国人基于群体的情绪的量表之后，接下来的研究将检验未能履行道德义务所起的作用，这可能导致这些基于群体的情绪和羞耻感，以及这些情绪与帮助非裔美国人的行动之间的关系。在研究1和研究2中，将评估中产阶级非裔美国人应该如何帮助，以及非裔美国人认为他们会在多大程度上帮助他们的信念之间的差异，这预计会导致对自我的负面看法。认为他们的群体没有履行义务的非裔美国人预计会导致基于群体的内疚和羞耻。研究3将评估信息类型和情绪之间的关系。预计那些支持非裔美国人社区帮助非裔美国人的道德义务的人的情绪将最强烈。对非裔美国人来说，群体认同越重要，他们就越应该感到有义务帮助其他非裔美国人。对于非裔美国中产阶级的成员来说，情况可能尤其如此。研究4将研究这种关系。研究6和研究7将研究基于群体的负罪感的后果。

This NSF Minority Post-Doctoral Fellowship Research project in the Social and Behavioral Sciences examines the role of group-based emotions, specifically guilt and shame, in middle class African Americans efforts to address their obligation to the Black community. Past research on group-based emotions has demonstrated that collective guilt requires acknowledgment of a degree of ingroup responsibility for harm against the othergroup (Lickel, Schmader, Barquissau, 2004; Swim & Miller, 1999). These emotions maylead the person to take action in an effort to correct their wrongdoings (i.e., donatetime/money). This project proposes that group-based emotions of African Americans can also motivate donations. Qualitative differences between these group-based emotions and those reported by dominant group members are discussed. After establishing scales appropriate for assessing middle class African American's group-based emotions, the studies that follow will examine the role of failure to live up to moral obligation which may result in these group-based emotions and shame and the relation between these emotions and actions to help African Americans. In Study 1 and 2, discrepancies between how middle class African Americans should help versus beliefs on how much African Americans perceive that they would help are predicted to lead to negative views of the self will be assessed. African Americans who believe their group is not satisfying obligations are predicted to lead to group-based guilt and shame. Study 3 will assess the relation between type of information and emotions. Emotions are predicted to be strongest for those who endorse moral obligation of the African American community to help African Americans. The more central group identity is to African Americans, the more they should feel obligated to help other African Americans. This may be particularly true for members of the African American middle class. This relationship will be investigated in Study 4. Studies 6 and 7 will examine the consequences of group based guilt.