CSR-EHS: Distributed Monitoring and Diagnosis of Embedded Systems Using Hierarchical Abstractions

由多个相互作用的子系统和紧密集成的软件组件组成的分布式嵌入式系统正在渗透到我们日常生活的方方面面。在线故障检测和隔离(FDI)是这些安全关键系统安全可靠运行的关键，这些系统包括汽车、飞机、医院设备、制造流程、军事系统和核电站。与其重要性相反，FDI对于大型、分布式嵌入式系统的安全运行并不是一个解决的问题。因此，在当今的系统中，几乎所有的故障管理和补救任务都留给了人工操作员，当他们在关键任务操作中操作这些系统时，他们经常面临信息过载和严格的时间限制。本项目的目标是为分布式嵌入式系统开发系统的、可扩展的、健壮的、基于在线模型的FDI方案。研究的新颖性集中在(I)用于管理FDI任务的复杂性的分层抽象方案，并使得基于在线模型的FDI算法的设计和开发能够被证明是健壮和可靠的；(Ii)用于诊断发生在嵌入式系统的物理和计算部分中的多种类型的故障的统一框架，以及具有不同故障轮廓(突发性故障和早期故障)的故障；以及(Iii)开发用于分布式嵌入式系统的在线FDI工具套件。利用实验试验台验证了所提出方法的有效性。该项目的影响在于为复杂的分布式安全关键系统的可靠安全运行提供保证。

Distributed embedded systems that consist of multiple interacting subsystems with tightly integrated software components are pervading all aspects of our daily lives. Online fault detection and isolation (FDI) is the key to the safe and reliable operation of these safety critical systems that include automobiles, aircraft, hospital equipment, manufacturing processes, military systems, and nuclear plants. Contrary to its importance, FDI for the safe operation of large, distributed embedded systems is not a solved problem. As a result, in present day systems, almost all fault management and remedial tasks are left to human operators, who often face information overload and stringent time constraints when operating these systems in mission critical operations. The objective of this project is to develop systematic, scalable, robust, online model-based FDI schemes for distributed embedded systems. The novelty of the research centers on (i) hierarchical abstraction schemes for managing the complexity of the FDI task and enabling the design and development of online model-based FDI algorithms that are provably robust and reliable, (ii) a unified framework for diagnosis of multiple types of faults that occur in the physical and the computational parts of embedded systems as well as faults with different fault profiles (abrupt and incipient faults), and (iii) the development of a tool suite for distributed embedded systems for online FDI. Experimental test-beds are used to demonstrate and verify the effectiveness of the developed methods. The impact of the project lies on providing guarantees for reliable safe operation of complex, distributed safety-critical systems.