CSR-EHS: Distributed Monitoring and Diagnosis of Embedded Systems Using Hierarchical Abstractions

分布式嵌入式系统由多个相互作用的子系统和紧密集成的软件组件组成，它渗透到我们日常生活的各个方面。在线故障检测和隔离（FDI）是这些安全关键系统安全可靠运行的关键，包括汽车、飞机、医院设备、制造工艺、军事系统和核电站。与其重要性相反，大型分布式嵌入式系统的安全运行的FDI是一个没有解决的问题。因此，在当今的系统中，几乎所有的故障管理和补救任务都留给了人类操作员，当在使命关键操作中操作这些系统时，人类操作员经常面临信息过载和严格的时间限制。该项目的目标是为分布式嵌入式系统开发系统的、可扩展的、鲁棒的、基于模型的在线FDI方案。研究的新奇集中在（i）分层抽象方案，用于管理FDI任务的复杂性，并能够设计和开发基于模型的在线FDI算法，这些算法可证明是鲁棒和可靠的，（ii）为诊断嵌入式系统的物理和计算部分发生的多种故障以及具有不同故障特征的故障提供统一框架（突发和初期故障），（iii）开发一个工具套件的分布式嵌入式系统的在线外国直接投资。实验测试台被用来证明和验证所开发的方法的有效性。该项目的影响在于为复杂的分布式安全关键系统的可靠安全运行提供保障。

Distributed embedded systems that consist of multiple interacting subsystems with tightly integrated software components are pervading all aspects of our daily lives. Online fault detection and isolation (FDI) is the key to the safe and reliable operation of these safety critical systems that include automobiles, aircraft, hospital equipment, manufacturing processes, military systems, and nuclear plants. Contrary to its importance, FDI for the safe operation of large, distributed embedded systems is not a solved problem. As a result, in present day systems, almost all fault management and remedial tasks are left to human operators, who often face information overload and stringent time constraints when operating these systems in mission critical operations. The objective of this project is to develop systematic, scalable, robust, online model-based FDI schemes for distributed embedded systems. The novelty of the research centers on (i) hierarchical abstraction schemes for managing the complexity of the FDI task and enabling the design and development of online model-based FDI algorithms that are provably robust and reliable, (ii) a unified framework for diagnosis of multiple types of faults that occur in the physical and the computational parts of embedded systems as well as faults with different fault profiles (abrupt and incipient faults), and (iii) the development of a tool suite for distributed embedded systems for online FDI. Experimental test-beds are used to demonstrate and verify the effectiveness of the developed methods. The impact of the project lies on providing guarantees for reliable safe operation of complex, distributed safety-critical systems.