Collaborative Research; Exchange Network Transition: Uncertainty, Risk and Shifts in Mode of Exchange

合作研究；

• 批准号: 0617706
• 负责人: Coye Cheshire
• 金额: $ 10.36万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0617706&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Exchange; Network; Transition

SES-0617682PI: Karen S. CookInstitution: Stanford UniversitySES-0617706PI: Coye CheshireInstitution: UC-BerkeleySocial scientists have accumulated a large and growing body of theory and data on many distinct types of social exchange systems. It has been demonstrated through a long history of social exchange experiments that different forms of exchange yield different outcomes, to some extent as a function of the differences that exist in levels of risk and uncertainty inherent in these different forms of exchange. There is, however, little or no research on the process of transitioning between different modes of social exchange. This collaborative experimental research between Stanford University and UC-Berkeley, develops a set of theoretically driven arguments for social exchange systems that transition (or shift) between reciprocal exchange and binding or non-binding negotiated exchange (which is only one of the possible types of transition in modes of exchange). This study uses a new set of social exchange experiments with 4-6 person groups who interact across a computer-mediated network. Some of the specific hypotheses include: an increase in contributions to partners when the form of the exchange shifts exogenously from reciprocal to negotiated exchange, an increase in assessments of a given partner's trustworthiness in reciprocal exchange when it precedes negotiated exchange, and the decreased desire to initiate (endogenously) a shift from reciprocal to negotiated exchange as subjects experience increased levels of cooperation in the former mode of exchange.The broader impact of this proposed research includes the capacity to directly address questions about processes and outcomes in rapidly changing systems of exchange such as business-to-business transactions (B2B), Internet-based exchanges, and other forms of real-world social exchange. Furthermore, this research advances the theoretical tradition of social exchange processes by developing the first series of testable hypotheses concerning the effects of shifts between different modes of exchange and examining how individual attitudes and attributions about exchange partners change as a result of these transitions. Given increased interest in real-world systems of B2B and Internet-based exchange (which often challenge many assumptions about exchange processes, attributions, and outcomes), the opportunities for theoretical development and real-world applications of the study of transitions in modes of exchange are substantial.

SES-0617682PI：Karen S. CookInstitution：Stanford Universityses-0617706PI：Coye CheshireInstitution：UC-Berkeleysocial科学家已经积累了许多不同类型的社交交换系统的理论和数据。 通过悠久的社会交流实验的悠久历史来证明，不同形式的交换形式在某种程度上产生了不同的结果，这是在这些不同形式的交换形式中固有的风险和不确定性水平中存在的差异的函数。 但是，关于不同社会交流方式之间过渡过程的过程很少或没有研究。 斯坦福大学和加州大学伯克利分校之间的这项合作实验研究为社会交流系统开发了一系列以相互交流与约束力或约束性协商交流之间过渡（或转移）的社会交流系统的论证（这只是交换模式中可能的过渡类型之一）。 这项研究使用了一套新的社会交流实验，这些实验与4-6个人群在计算机介导的网络中进行交互。 一些具体的假设包括：当交换形式从互惠转变为谈判的交流，对特定伙伴在谈判交换之前的相互交流中的信任度的评估增加时，对合作伙伴的贡献增加了，而在谈判交换之前的交流以及从互惠的愿望下降到互惠的愿望，则经历了互惠的交换，以实现对互惠的交换的转变。拟议的研究包括直接解决有关迅速变化的交换系统（例如企业对企业交易（B2B），基于Internet的交流以及其他形式的现实社会交流）的过程和结果的问题。 此外，这项研究通过开发有关不同交换方式之间转变影响的第一个可检验的假设来发展社会交流过程的理论传统，并研究了对交流伙伴的个人态度和归因如何随着这些过渡而变化。鉴于对B2B和基于Internet的交流的现实世界系统的兴趣增加（这通常挑战有关交换过程，归因和结果的许多假设），因此在交换模式下进行过渡研究的理论发展和现实世界应用的机会是实质的。