CT-ISG: Isotropic Cryptography

PIS：Matthew Blaaze和宾夕法尼亚大学SamPath Kannan项目各向同性密码学项目为满足某些要求的开放通道上的信息理论安全通信引入并奠定了理论和工程基础。更具体地说，该项目确定并关注各向同性通道，在这些通道中，监听该通道的窃听者无法确定信息的来源和目的地。这样的频道似乎具有非常有趣和有希望的安全特性。即使是部分各向同性的信道(其中攻击者可以识别消息源，但仅具有一定的确定性)也可以提供信息理论上的保密性。该项目的实验工作集中于设计和分析利用传统通信信道(如本地以太网、近场无线电和移动无线网络)的各向同性特性的实用协议。在现有的网络技术上，能否实现(部分或完全)各向同性信道？该项目还为各向同性密码学奠定了理论基础，研究了为各种已知的和新的密码学原语实现协议所必需的假设，以及对于各种密码学原语最有效的协议是什么。最后，本项目考察了传统匿名网络和混合网络之间的关系，一方面是匿名网络，另一方面是亲和性渠道。各向同性能被用来提供匿名性吗？匿名网络能模拟各向同性信道吗？各向同性的方法能变得实用和有效吗？

PIs: Matthew Blaze and Sampath KannanUniversity of PennsylvaniaThe Isotropic Cryptography project introduces and lays the theoreticaland engineering foundations for information-theoretically securecommunication over open channels that meet certain requirements. Morespecifically, the project identifies and is concerned with {\em isotropic channels,} in which eavesdroppers monitoring the channelare unable to identify the sources and destinations of messages withcertainty. Such channels appear to have very interesting andpromising security properties. Even a partially isotropic channel (inwhich the adversary can identify a message source but only with somebounded certainty) can provide information-theoretic confidentiality.The project's experimental work focuses on designing and analyzingpractical protocols that exploit the isotropic properties ofconventional communication channels (such as local Ethernet,near-field radio and mobile wireless networking). Can (partially orfully) isotropic channels be realized in practice over existingnetwork technologies? The project also lays a theoretical foundationfor isotropic cryptography, studying what assumptions are necessary toimplement protocols for various well-known and new cryptographicprimitives and what the most efficient protocols are for variousprimitives. Finally, the project examines the relationship betweentraditional anonymity networks and Mix networks on the one hand andisotropic channels on the other. Can isotropy be used to provideanonymity and can anonymous networks simulate isotropic channels? Canisotropic approaches be made practical and efficient?