Using 230Th/U Dating of Pedogenic Carbonate to Provide a Time-Axis for Slip on the Elsinore Fault, Southern California

利用成土碳酸盐的 230Th/U 测年为南加州埃尔西诺断层上的滑动提供时间轴

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0636053
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2007-02-01 至 2009-01-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Continental plate boundaries commonly consist of broad regions of deformation characterized by fault systems consisting of multiple, approximately parallel faults, such as the San Andreas fault system of California. To better quantify the seismic hazard posed by such faults, it is essential to determine their pattern of motion through time. While recent advances in geodetic observations in the vicinity of plate boundary fault systems provide unprecedented insight into patterns of crustal deformation on the relatively short (i.e., decadal) timescale, it is likely that over longer timescales seismogenic faults exhibit variable displacement rates. That is, slip rates derived from geodetic data may reflect transient motions associated with large earthquakes in the recent past, or other recent changes in crustal loading. On a longer timescale, slip rates on major faults such as the San Andreas of southern California are thought to have varied by about a factor of two within the last approximately100,000 years. Such variability, if confirmed, could perhaps result from redistribution of slip due to evolving crustal structural complexities, clustering of earthquakes on intermediate timescales (i.e., approximately 10,000 years), or other mechanisms. Quantifying fault slip rates on timescales of 1 to 100,000 years is therefore fundamental to an improved understanding of continental dynamics and will serve societal needs for improved quantification of seismic hazards near major fault systems. Reliable measurements of fault slip on the timescale of 1 to 100,000 years, however, are quite limited in number. This is in part because of the relative rarity of geological situations that preserve the appropriate stratigraphic or geomorphologic information needed to precisely determine offsets on active faults. A second and equally demanding requirement for determining long-term slip rates, however, is that offset strata or landforms must be reliably dated, and existing methods for dating geologically young surfaces and strata only partially meet this demand. A novel technique for determining the age of landforms offset by faulting will be developed and applied in this research project. Specifically, the project will extend and further develop small-sample, high precision 230Th/U dating of soil carbonate via mass spectrometry. The results will provide unprecedented insight into the constancy (or lack thereof) of slip rates over time on the Elsinore fault, a principal strand of the San Andreas fault system in southern California, over a range of intervals in the past approximately 100,000 to 200,000 years.The research project will further develop a novel means of dating geologically youthful landforms, extend the capacity and capability of earth scientists to determine fault slip rates in arid regions worldwide, and help to address societal needs for more quantitative assessment of seismic hazards. The project will also provide comprehensive training in innovative techniques of geochronology for doctoral candidate.
大陆板块边界通常由广泛的形变区域组成,其特征是由多条近似平行的断层组成的断层系统,如加利福尼亚州的圣安德烈亚斯断层系统。为了更好地量化这些断层造成的地震危险,确定它们随时间的运动模式是至关重要的。虽然在板块边界断层系统附近的大地测量方面的最新进展提供了对相对较短(即十年制)时间尺度上地壳形变模式的前所未有的洞察,但在较长时间尺度上,孕震断层很可能表现出不同的位移速率。也就是说,从大地测量数据得出的滑移率可能反映了与最近发生的大地震有关的瞬时运动,或地壳负荷的其他最近变化。在更长的时间尺度上,主要断层的滑移率,如南加州的圣安德烈亚斯,被认为在过去大约10万年内变化了大约两倍。如果得到证实,这种变异性可能是由于地壳结构复杂性的演变、地震在中间时间尺度(即大约10000年)上的聚集或其他机制造成的滑移的重新分布。因此,在1至100000年的时间尺度上量化断层滑移率对于更好地了解大陆动力学是基本的,并将满足改进对主要断层系统附近地震危险的量化的社会需要。然而,在1到10万年的时间尺度上对断层滑动的可靠测量在数量上相当有限。这在一定程度上是因为保存了准确确定活动断层偏移量所需的适当地层或地貌信息的地质情况相对罕见。然而,确定长期滑移率的第二个同样苛刻的要求是,必须可靠地确定偏移地层或地貌的年代,而现有的测定地质年轻表面和地层的方法只能部分满足这一要求。这项研究项目将开发一种新的确定断层错动地貌年龄的技术并将其应用于该项目。具体地说,该项目将扩大和进一步发展小样本、高精度的土壤碳酸盐质谱仪230 TH/U测年。这一结果将提供前所未有的洞察力,了解南加州圣安德烈亚斯断层系统的主要断层埃尔西诺断层在过去大约10万至20万年的一段时间内滑动速率的稳定性(或缺乏稳定性)。该研究项目将进一步开发一种新的方法来测定地质年轻的地貌,扩大地球科学家确定全球干旱地区断层滑动速率的能力,并有助于满足社会对地震灾害更定量评估的需求。该项目还将为博士生提供地质年代学创新技术方面的全面培训。

项目成果

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Warren Sharp其他文献

Warren Sharp的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Warren Sharp', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Reconstructions of Southern Caribbean Climate Variability using Contemporaneous and Co-Located Corals and Speleothems
合作研究:利用同期和同处的珊瑚和洞穴化石重建南加勒比气候变化
  • 批准号:
    2303299
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: P2C2--Western United States Hydroclimate during the Last Interglacial: Developing Proxy Records and Using Model Intercomparison to Glimpse the Future
合作研究:P2C2——末次间冰期美国西部水文气候:开发代理记录并利用模型比对展望未来
  • 批准号:
    2102885
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Improved Dating of Archaeological Materials with Coordinated Stable Isotope Studies
通过协调稳定同位素研究改进考古材料的年代测定
  • 批准号:
    1727085
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Developing 230Th/U Dating of Coral Artifacts for High-Precision Cultural Chronologies in Eastern Polynesia
为东波利尼西亚高精度文化年表开发珊瑚文物的 230Th/U 年代测定
  • 批准号:
    1521133
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating Slip Distribution over Multiple Timescales across the Central Walker Lane: Implications for the Evolution of an Active Tectonic Plate Boundary
合作研究:调查中央沃克巷多个时间尺度的滑移分布:对活动板块边界演化的影响
  • 批准号:
    1419855
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Acquisition of a single-collector, magnetic-sector ICP-MS for research in U-series and (U-Th)/He chronometry at the Berkeley Geochronology Center
伯克利地质年代学中心购买单接收器磁扇区 ICP-MS,用于 U 系列和 (U-Th)/He 测时研究
  • 批准号:
    0930054
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: P2C2--Continental Response to Abrupt Climate Change Post 70 ka: An Integrated Isotopic and Trace Element Study of Sierra Nevada Speleothems
合作研究:P2C2——70 ka后大陆对突然气候变化的响应:内华达山脉洞穴的同位素和微量元素综合研究
  • 批准号:
    0823541
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Assessing Climatic Controls on Intervals of Stability and Deposition on Alluvial Fans
合作研究:评估冲积扇稳定和沉积间隔的气候控制
  • 批准号:
    0719893
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
A Precise Chronology for Polynesian Monumental Architecture via Th-230 Coral Dating
通过 Th-230 珊瑚测年得出波利尼西亚纪念性建筑的精确年表
  • 批准号:
    0542222
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Coordinated TIMS U-Series Dating and Paleoenvironmental Interpretations of Pedogenic Carbonate, Wind River Basin, Wyoming
合作研究:怀俄明州风河流域成土碳酸盐的协调 TIMS U 系列测年和古环境解释
  • 批准号:
    0207963
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

相似国自然基金

基于231Pa/230Th活度比值重建近15万年来南海深层环流
  • 批准号:
    41276063
  • 批准年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    90.0 万元
  • 项目类别:
    面上项目
颗粒物化学组分对230Th和231Pa的清除与分馏作用研究
  • 批准号:
    40606022
  • 批准年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    29.0 万元
  • 项目类别:
    青年科学基金项目

相似海外基金

230Th/U Dating of Megafaunal Remains
230Th/U 巨型动物遗骸的年代测定
  • 批准号:
    2211894
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Do metalliferous sediments record mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity? Constraining the roles of iron oxidation rate and 230Th scavenging
含金属沉积物是否记录了洋中脊热液活动?
  • 批准号:
    2030343
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Developing 230Th/U Dating of Coral Artifacts for High-Precision Cultural Chronologies in Eastern Polynesia
为东波利尼西亚高精度文化年表开发珊瑚文物的 230Th/U 年代测定
  • 批准号:
    1521133
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: U.S. GEOTRACES Pacific Section: Analysis of 230Th, 232Th and 231Pa
合作研究:美国 GEOTRACES 太平洋部分:230Th、232Th 和 231Pa 分析
  • 批准号:
    1233688
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: U.S. GEOTRACES Pacific Section: Analysis of 230Th, 232Th and 231Pa
合作研究:美国 GEOTRACES 太平洋部分:230Th、232Th 和 231Pa 分析
  • 批准号:
    1233903
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic Section: Analysis of 230Th, 232Th and 231Pa
合作研究:美国 GEOTRACES 北大西洋剖面:230Th、232Th 和 231Pa 分析
  • 批准号:
    0926860
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic Section: Analysis of 230Th, 232Th and 231Pa
合作研究:美国 GEOTRACES 北大西洋剖面:230Th、232Th 和 231Pa 分析
  • 批准号:
    0927064
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic Section: Analysis of 230Th, 232Th and 231Pa
合作研究:美国 GEOTRACES 北大西洋剖面:230Th、232Th 和 231Pa 分析
  • 批准号:
    0927754
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Combined application of new proxies (231Pa/230Th and Nd isotopes) to reconstruct the deep ocean overturning over the last 30,000 years.
联合应用新代理(231Pa/230Th 和 Nd 同位素)来重建过去 30,000 年来的深海翻转。
  • 批准号:
    159214802
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Collaborative Research: U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic Section: Analysis of 230Th, 232Th and 231Pa
合作研究:美国 GEOTRACES 北大西洋剖面:230Th、232Th 和 231Pa 分析
  • 批准号:
    0927757
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
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