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Post-copulatory intra- and intersexual selection at fertilization in a polygamous fish

一夫多妻鱼受精时的交配后内性和间性选择

基本信息

批准号：
179403027
负责人：
Professor Dr. Theo Bakker
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Ökologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/179403027?language=en
关键词：
Post copulatory intra intersexual selection

项目摘要

In the past decades, studies on sexual selection have increased exponentially and are a major research theme in Evolutionary Biology. Work on pre-copulatory sexual selection (usually male-male competition and female mate choice) and post-copulatory sexual selection (sperm competition and cryptic female choice like non-random fertilization) have developed independently for a long time. In recent years, one can see a clear trend in integrating the two levels of sexual selection. There are, however, still several ambiguous topics in post-copulatory sexual selection like functional variation in sperm design. Moreover, there are few model systems in which both levels of sexual selection are studied in detail. Finally, there is a gap in our knowledge about the evolvability of sperm traits. Data on genetic variation and covariation are lacking altogether in fish. In our proposal we want to promote the study of post-copulatory sexual selection in three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, which is well-studied with respect to pre-copulatory sexual selection. Sneaking, and thus sperm competition is common in this fish species with external fertilization. In recent years we have advocated sticklebacks as very promising subjects for post-copulatory sexual selection. We plan to test the prerequisites for phenotypic evolution of sperm, that is, the estimation of genetic variation and covariation of sperm and testes traits and male breeding coloration as well as specific environmental effects like the influence of food ration, carotenoids, ultraviolet radiation, and specific parasites on sperm traits and associated function. The second aim concerns intra- and intersexual selection at the level of fertilization. In vitro sperm competition will be studied with respect to delayed ejaculation in sneakers and environmentally induced changes in sperm design, whereas cryptic female choice at fertilization will be studied in vitro with respect to kin. Additionally, ejaculate characteristics will be studied in relation to female attractiveness, female relatedness, and sperm aging. The third aim will look at long-term consequences of sperm competition by comparing sperm and testes among the different species of the stickleback family, the Gasterosteidae, and among various populations of the three-spined stickleback.

在过去的几十年里，关于性选择的研究呈指数级增长，是进化生物学的一个主要研究主题。交配前的性别选择(通常是男性对男性的竞争和女性配偶的选择)和交配后的性别选择(精子竞争和神秘的女性选择，如非随机受精)的研究已经独立发展了很长一段时间。近年来，人们可以看到性选择的两个层面的整合有明显的趋势。然而，交配后的性选择仍然有几个模棱两可的话题，比如精子设计的功能变异。此外，很少有模型系统对这两个层面的性选择进行详细研究。最后，我们对精子特征的可进化性的认识存在差距。关于鱼类的遗传变异和协变的数据完全缺乏。在我们的建议中，我们希望促进关于三刺刺鱼交配后性别选择的研究，这是关于交配前性别选择的充分研究。偷偷摸摸，因此精子竞争在这种有体外受精的鱼类中很常见。近年来，我们一直主张将刺鱼作为非常有前途的交配后性别选择的研究对象。我们计划测试精子表型进化的先决条件，即估计精子和睾丸特征和雄性繁殖颜色的遗传变异和协变，以及特定的环境效应，如食物日粮、类胡萝卜素、紫外线辐射和特定寄生虫对精子特征和相关功能的影响。第二个目标涉及受精水平的性内选择和性间选择。在体外，精子竞争将从运动鞋射精延迟和环境导致的精子设计变化方面进行研究，而受精时隐秘的雌性选择将在体外研究与亲属的关系。此外，还将研究射精特征与女性吸引力、女性亲缘关系和精子老化的关系。第三个目标将通过比较刺鱼科不同物种之间以及三刺刺科不同种群之间的精子和睾丸来研究精子竞争的长期后果。