STTR Phase I: Development of Sugar Beet Pulp Enzymatic Pretreatment System

STTR一期：甜菜浆酶法预处理系统开发

• 批准号: 0638102
• 负责人: Robert Kozak
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Atlantic Biomass Conversions, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0638102&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: STTR; Phase; Development; Sugar; Beet

This Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Phase I project develops a pretreatment process for biomass that will be used as feedstock for making biofuels, thereby solving a significant problem in this process. Before plant and tree material (biomass) can be used to produce biofuels, or biochemical building blocks for plastics, it must be pretreated to release the targeted components. This pretreatment step is a significant barrier to the development of cost-effective "biorefineries" that would convert biomass, including agricultural residues not currently being utilized, into biofuels and value-added biochemicals. Instead of the conventional approach, where complex biomass is broken down into small components for later processing into alcohol or reassembly into complex chemicals, this new approach directly converts the various components of the biomass into biofuels and biochemcials. This results in a much less costly process. The first step is to remove components from the "backbone" of the biomass and process them into biofuels and biochemicals with enzymes specifically developed to perform these tasks. This step not only produces products, but also makes it easier for another set of enzymes to extract larger components of the biomass "backbone" for processing into biochemicals. This process continues until the backbone is completely disassembled and all the available components were processed. At the end, the remaining sugars are fermented to ethanol.The broader impact of this project is to significantly enable the US to meet the goal of reducing petroleum imports by 60 percent before 2025 by developing technology that makes the agricultural biorefinery economically sustainable.

这个小型企业技术转让（STTR）第一阶段项目开发了一种生物质预处理工艺，将用作制造生物燃料的原料，从而解决了这一过程中的一个重要问题。在植物和树木材料（生物质）可用于生产生物燃料或塑料的生化构件之前，必须对其进行预处理以释放目标成分。这一预处理步骤是发展具有成本效益的“生物精炼厂”的一个重大障碍，这种“生物精炼厂”将把生物质（包括目前未被利用的农业残留物）转化为生物燃料和增值生物化学品。传统的方法是将复杂的生物质分解成小的成分，然后加工成酒精或重新组装成复杂的化学品，而这种新方法直接将生物质的各种成分转化为生物燃料和生物化学品。这将大大降低过程的成本。第一步是从生物质的“主干”中去除成分，并用专门开发的酶将其加工成生物燃料和生化物质。这一步不仅生产产品，而且使另一组酶更容易提取生物质“主干”的较大成分，以加工成生化物质。这个过程一直持续到主干被完全拆卸，所有可用的组件都被处理完毕。最后，剩余的糖发酵成乙醇。该项目的更广泛影响是通过开发使农业生物炼制经济可持续的技术，使美国能够在2025年之前实现将石油进口量减少60%的目标。