Colaborative Research: Open Access Amplitude Analysis on a Grid

这个项目的目标是开发一个创新的数据分析框架，这将促进我们对夸克之间力的理解，夸克是质子等熟悉粒子的组成部分。量子色动力学（QCD）理论描述了夸克如何被称为胶子的粒子束缚在一起，并提出将夸克结合在一起的胶子以夸克之间的小束或管的形式出现。这些“通量管”的激发，可以被想象成在夸克之间旋转的跳绳，导致一种新的粒子家族，称为奇异混合体，表现出夸克和胶子的特性。对这些奇异粒子的实验观测和研究是目前和计划中的几个实验的目标，最终将需要利用计算机网格来分析未来实验将产生的拍字节级数据集。奇异混合物具有独特的所谓量子数集，这些量子数集表征了它们的内在自旋，物质和反物质伙伴的行为差异，以及在镜子中观察它们时它们的性质会发生什么变化。粒子的量子数的识别是通过使用探测器收集粒子衰变的大样本，然后使用称为“振幅分析”的程序描述衰变模式来完成的。“然后将观察到的表征衰变模式的分布拟合到取决于粒子量子数和其他理论假设的数学函数。 明确识别外来杂种需要系统地应用这种振幅分析，这反过来又要求实验学家和现象学家之间的密切合作，以了解实验和理论偏差如何影响结论。该项目将开发一套建立在开放科学网格基础上的分析工具，这将允许对当前和未来的实验数据进行透明分析。在这个项目中开发的开放获取分析范式将促进现象学家和他们的学生直接访问数据，以测试支撑振幅分析技术的理论模型。开发的工具将是开放源码的，并将用于计划提供开放数据访问的未来项目或实验。 我们的分析框架加上新的高质量数据，将解决阻碍早期分析的问题，这些问题有时会导致模糊或错误的结论。

The goal of this project is the development of an innovative data analysis framework that will advance our understanding of the forces between quarks, constituents of familiar particles like protons. The theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) describes how quarks are bound together by particles called gluons and suggests that the glouns holding the quarks together manifest themselves in small bundles or tubes between the quarks. Excitations of these "flux tubes," which can be visualized like a jump rope rotating between the quarks, lead to a new family of particles called exotic hybrids that exhibit both the properties of quarks and gluons. The experimental observation and study of these exotic particles is the goal of several current and planned experiments and will ultimately require utilization of computer grids to analyze the petabyte-scale data sets that will be produced by future experiments.Exotic hybrids have unique sets of so-called quantum numbers that characterize their intrinsic spin, differences in how the matter and antimatter partners behave, and what happens to their properties when one examines them in a mirror. The identification of a particle's quantum numbers is done by using detectors to collect large samples of decays of the particle and then describing the patterns of decays using a procedure called an "amplitude analysis." The observed distributions that characterize decay patterns are then fitted to mathematical functions that depend on the particle's quantum numbers and other theoretical assumptions. The unambiguous identification of exotic hybrids requires a systematic application of this amplitude analysis and this, in turn, calls for a close collaboration between experimentalists and phenomenologists to understand how experimental and theoretical biases could affect conclusions.This project will develop a suite of analysis tools built on the backbone of the Open Science Grid, that would allow transparent analysis of current and future experimental data. The open access analysis paradigm being developed in this project will facilitate direct access to data by phenomenologists and their students for testing theoretical models that underpin the amplitude analysis technique. The tools developed will be open-source and will be utilized by future projects or experiments that plan to provide open access to data. Our analysis framework, coupled with new high quality data, will address problems that hindered earlier analyses that sometimes led to ambiguous or erroneous conclusions.