International Research Fellowship Program: Temporal Variation in the Genetic Mating System of the Two-Spotted Goby

国际研究奖学金计划：二斑虾虎鱼遗传交配系统的时间变异

• 批准号: 0701086
• 负责人: Kenyon Mobley
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Mobley Kenyon B
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-15 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0701086&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Temporal

0701086MobleyThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-four-month research fellowship by Dr. Kenyon B. Mobley to work with Drs. Elisabet Forsgren and Trond Amundsen at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Norway, and with Dr. Stephen Shuster at Northern Arizona University.The study of sexual selection has been greatly enriched in the last two decades by a growing synergy between traditional approaches for quantifying mating behavior and molecular techniques of parentage analysis. Studies of parentage have provided descriptions of genetic mating patterns at an unprecedented level of detail, but how best to use such data to quantify the intensity of sexual selection has not been resolved. Although various methods have been proposed to quantify the strength of sexual selection, there are fundamental disagreements with respect to which methods are most appropriate. One way to overcome this barrier to progress is to compare the various methods proposed within a system in which the strength of sexual selection is known to vary. Such a system exists in the two-spotted goby, Gobiusculus flavescens, a species in which the intensity of sexual selection is temporally dynamic. This project consists of two parts, a field study in conjunction with the Norwegian hosts, and a simulation-based modeling portion in collaboration with the U.S. host. The field study portion consists of field collections of adult females, males and the males' nests harvested at three times during the summer breeding season from two natural populations of G. flavescens from the Swedish West Coast. Microsatellite-based parentage analysis of nest hatchlings provide the necessary data for the evaluation of several statistical methods of estimating sexual selection including the opportunity for selection, the opportunity for sexual selection, the Bateman gradient, the sex difference in the opportunity for selection, the index of resource monopolization and the Morisita index. The modeling portion constructs simulation-based models to test the influence of sex ratios, population density and changing reproductive contributions on the various methods in order to identify the most appropriate method(s) for quantifying sexual selection.

0701086莫布利国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9到24个月的研究。该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，以及使用独特或互补的设施，专业知识和国外的实验条件。该奖项将支持肯扬B博士为期24个月的研究奖学金。Mobley与挪威科技大学（NTNU）的Elisabet Forsgren和Trond Amundsen博士以及北方亚利桑那大学的Stephen Shuster博士合作。在过去的二十年里，由于量化交配行为的传统方法和亲子关系分析的分子技术之间日益增长的协同作用，性选择的研究得到了极大的丰富。亲子关系的研究提供了前所未有的详细程度的遗传交配模式的描述，但如何最好地利用这些数据来量化性选择的强度还没有解决。尽管已经提出了各种方法来量化性选择的强度，但对于哪种方法最合适存在根本性的分歧。克服这一障碍的一种方法是比较在一个系统中提出的各种方法，在这个系统中，性选择的强度是已知的。这样的系统存在于两点虾虎鱼，Gobiusculus flavescens，一个物种，其中的性选择的强度是时间动态的。该项目包括两个部分，一个是与挪威主机合作的实地研究，另一个是与美国主机合作的基于模拟的建模部分。野外研究部分包括野外采集的成年雌性，雄性和雄性巢在夏季繁殖季节从两个自然种群的G。产于瑞典西海岸的黄壳藻。基于微卫星的巢雏亲子关系分析为评价估计性选择的几种统计方法提供了必要的数据，这些方法包括选择机会、性选择机会、贝特曼梯度、选择机会的性别差异、资源垄断指数和Morisita指数。建模部分构建基于模拟的模型来测试性别比例、人口密度和不断变化的生殖贡献对各种方法的影响，以确定最合适的方法来量化性选择。