International Research Fellowship Program: The Role of Resource Competition and Density Dependence in Sexual Selection Theory

国际研究奖学金计划：资源竞争和密度依赖性在性选择理论中的作用

• 批准号: 0701286
• 负责人: Hope Klug
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Klug Hope
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0701286&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Role

0701286KlugThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-four-month research fellowship by Dr. Hope M. Klug to work with Dr. Hanna Kokko at the University of Helsinki in Finland.Sexual selection (i.e. the theory that competition between members of a sex for mates leads to variation in reproductive success, or the process by which this occurs) is one of the most fundamental concepts of evolutionary biology. However, there is still much debate and confusion surrounding the founding principles of sexual selection theory. Such debate is in part due to the failure of sexual selection theory to explicitly incorporate population-level processes (such as competition for non-mate resources, effects of absolute population density) which are typically thought to be only under natural selection. By ignoring such factors, current measures of sexual selection ignore whole classes of intra-sexual competition that are directly tied to reproductive success. The goal of this project is to evaluate the relative importance of resource competition and density-dependence on the opportunity for sexual selection through the use of two mathematical models and two experiments using the sand goby. Specifically, this work will 1) use mathematical modeling to determine a range of factors potentially affecting sexual selection, compare my predictions to those of existing theory, and refine predictions of sexual selection theory (Model 1); 2) evaluate how such effects are manifested in nature (Expts. 1 & 2); and 3) merge theoretical predictions and empirical findings in a general, yet synthetic, model of sexual selection to isolate the most pivotal factors affecting sexual selection. This work is being done in collaboration with Dr. Hanna Kokko, who is one of the world's leaders in theoretical evolutionary ecology. Dr. Kokko is a professor at the University of Helsinki, which is well-known for its programs and research groups focusing on evolution and ecology. Additionally, the University of Helsinki maintains Tvarminne Zoological Station, where the proposed experiments are being conducted.

0701286克鲁格国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9到24个月的研究。 该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，以及使用独特或互补的设施，专业知识和国外的实验条件。Klug将与芬兰赫尔辛基大学的Hanna Kokko博士合作。性选择（即一种性别成员之间对配偶的竞争导致生殖成功的变化，或发生这种情况的过程的理论）是进化生物学最基本的概念之一。然而，围绕性选择理论的基本原则仍然存在许多争论和困惑。这种争论部分是由于性选择理论未能明确纳入人口水平的过程（如对非配偶资源的竞争，绝对人口密度的影响），而这些过程通常被认为只在自然选择下进行。由于忽视了这些因素，目前的性选择措施忽视了与繁殖成功直接相关的性内竞争的整个类别。本项目的目标是通过使用两个数学模型和两个实验，使用沙虾虎鱼评估的相对重要性的资源竞争和密度依赖性的性选择的机会。具体来说，这项工作将1）使用数学建模来确定一系列可能影响性选择的因素，将我的预测与现有理论的预测进行比较，并改进性选择理论的预测（模型1）; 2）评估这些影响如何在自然界中表现出来（摘录）。1& 2）; 3）将理论预测和经验发现融合在一个通用的，但综合的性选择模型中，以分离影响性选择的最关键因素。这项工作是与Hanna Kokko博士合作完成的，他是理论进化生态学的世界领导者之一。Kokko博士是赫尔辛基大学的教授，该大学以其专注于进化和生态学的项目和研究小组而闻名。此外，赫尔辛基大学还设有特瓦尔明内动物站，拟议的实验正在那里进行。