TCHCS: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Millimeter-wave MIMO: A New Architecture for Integrated 10-40 Gigabit Wireless/Optical Hybrid Networks

chik Yue，卡内基梅隆大学upamanyu Madhow，圣巴巴拉大学我们的目标是开发系统架构，信号处理算法和集成电路技术，用于强大，快速设置，点对点无线链路，在几公里范围内实现10- 40gbps的速度，使用毫米（mm）波频谱。由于这些速度可与光纤的速度相媲美，因此该项目的成果可实现故障安全混合通信骨干基础设施，在发生灾难和紧急情况时可快速部署或恢复。该系统采用了一种新颖的分层架构，将波束形成（提供足够的链路余量，以克服恶劣天气下毫米波传播的限制）和空间复用（提供高频谱效率，每赫兹每秒几十比特，实现仅使用几GHz信道带宽的光链路速度所需）结合在一起。波束形成增益是由电子控制的单片阵列获得的。每个这样的阵列都是一个更大阵列中的一个子阵列，形成一个空间多路复用的虚拟多输入多输出（MIMO）系统：发射子阵列发送单独的数据流，这些数据流在接收器处使用空间干扰抑制技术分离出来。该毫米波MIMO系统的关键要素是用于单片可操纵子阵列的CMOS IC设计，信号处理/硬件协同设计以获得可实现如此高速的算法，以及混合模拟/数字处理以实现低功耗操作。为了实现CMOS毫米波VLSI设计，将投入大量精力建立基于单元的、可重用的设计/建模框架。新发现将通过小型设计项目纳入本科和研究生课程。智力优势：这是一个本质上跨学科的项目，其成功关键取决于该项目的三位PI之间的密切互动，他们的综合专业知识涵盖通信应用的CMOS IC设计（Yue），毫米波器件和IC设计（Rodwell）以及通信的信号处理（Madhow）。该系统基于各个层面的创新，包括系统概念、信号处理算法、电路设计和封装。毫米波MIMO在视线环境下提供空间复用，因此相对于低频MIMO来说是一个全新的概念，后者仅在高散射环境下提供空间复用。电子可操纵的子阵列是基于一个独特的行-列架构，适合单片实现。信号处理方面的创新包括极大的简化，包括与硬件共同设计的分层分解。毫米波频率下的电路设计突破了低成本CMOS工艺中混合信号设计的极限，我们基于单元的设计框架有可能为这种设计提供一种系统的方法。基带处理采用新颖的混合模拟/数字处理技术，以最大限度地降低对高速、高成本、高功率模数转换器的性能要求。更广泛的影响：毫米波MIMO提供了第一种可行的方法来弥合无线和光学系统之间的容量差距，其应用范围从国土安全（例如，灾难恢复）到企业和住宅环境的最后一英里连接。另一个突破是部署LOS室外链路的便利性，这成为一个简单的操作，大致将发射器和接收器彼此指向，而不是像当前实践中那样精确地对准发射和接收天线。此外，这种苛刻应用所需的毫米波CMOS电路设计和封装方面的突破，其潜在影响远远超出了本文所考虑的特定系统，并将为以合理成本利用毫米波频谱开辟大量机会。这些pi都有很强的技术转让记录，并打算利用他们与通信行业的密切联系，通过广泛传播这项工作的结果，不仅通过出版物，而且还使用易于访问的硬件演示，来推动技术转让。拟议的研究将对pi机构的本科和研究生课程产生重大影响，因为它将推动电路设计和通信系统课程的创新和更新。在纳米技术领域建立起来的外联机制将被用来让妇女和少数民族，包括高中生，参与这项努力。由于这个项目本身的跨学科性质，参与的学生将接受跨越电气和计算机工程几个领域的广泛教育。

ECS-0636594Chik Yue, Carnegie Mellon UniversityECS-0636621Upamanyu Madhow, University of Santa BarbaraOur objective is to develop the system architecture, signal processing algorithms and integrated circuit techniques for a robust, quick set-up, point-to-point wireless link which achieves speeds of 10-40 Gbps over a range of several kilometers, using millimeter (mm) wave spectrum. Since these speeds are comparable to those of optical fiber, the outcome of this project enables a fail-safe hybrid communication backbone infrastructure, which can be deployed or restored rapidly in the events of disaster and emergency. The system employs a novel hierarchical architecture which meshes beamforming (to provide link margins sufficient to overcome the limitations of mm-wave propagation in harsh weather) and spatial multiplexing (to provide large spectral efficiency, of the order of tens of bits per second per Hertz, required to realize optical link speeds using channel bandwidths of only several GHz). Beamforming gains are obtained by electronically steerable monolithic arrays. Each such array is a subarray in a larger array, forming a spatially multiplexed virtual multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) system: the transmit subarrays send separate data streams, which are separated out at the receiver using spatial interference suppression techniques. Key elements of this mm-wave MIMO system are CMOS IC design for monolithic steerable sub-arrays, signal processing/hardware co-design to obtain algorithms implementable at such high speeds, and hybrid analog/digital processing to enable low-power operation. Substantial effort will go into establishing a cell-based, reusable design/modeling framework to enable CMOS mm-wave VLSI design. The new findings will be incorporated into undergraduate and graduate classes through small design projects. Intellectual Merit: This is an inherently interdisciplinary project whose success depends critically on intense interaction between the three PI's on this project, whose combined expertise spans CMOS IC design for communication applications (Yue), millimeter wave device and IC design (Rodwell) and signal processing for communication (Madhow). The proposed system is based on innovations at every level, including system concept, signal processing algorithms, and circuit design and packaging. Millimeter-wave MIMO provides spatial multiplexing in line of sight environments, and is therefore a completely new concept relative to MIMO at lower frequencies, which provides spatial multiplexing only in rich scattering environments. The electronically steerable sub-arrays are based on a unique row-column architecture amenable to monolithic realization. The innovation in the signal processing consists of drastic simplifications, including a hierarchical decomposition co-designed with the hardware. Circuit design at mm-wave frequencies push the limits of mixed signal design in low-cost CMOS processes, and our cell-based design framework has the potential of providing a systematic approach to such design. The baseband processing employs novel hybrid analog/digital processing techniques, in order to minimize the performance requirements on high-speed, high-cost, high-power analog-to-digital converters.Broader Impact: Millimeter-wave MIMO provides the first feasible approach to bridging the capacity gap between wireless and optical systems, which has applications ranging from homeland security (e.g., disaster recovery) to last mile connectivity for enterprise and residential settings. An additional breakthrough is in terms of the ease of deployment of LOS outdoor links, which becomes a simple operation of roughly pointing the transmitter and receiver at each other, rather than precisely aligning the transmit and receive antennas as done in current practice. In addition, the breakthroughs in mm-wave CMOS circuit design and packaging required by this demanding application have the potential for impact well beyond the specific system considered here, and will open up a host of opportunities for harnessing mm-wave spectrum at reasonable cost. The PIs all have strong records of technology transfer, and intend to leverage their strong contacts with the communications industry to push for technology transfer by widely disseminating the results of this work not only through publications, but also using hardware demonstrations easily accessible to visitors. The proposed research will have a significant impact on the undergraduate and graduate curriculum at the PIs' institutions in terms of driving innovations and updates in a number of courses in circuit design and communication systems. Well-established outreach mechanisms in the nanotech area will be used to involve women and minorities, including high school students, in this effort. Due to the inherently interdisciplinary nature of this project, the students involved will receive a broad education cutting across several areas of Electrical and Computer Engineering.