PostDoctoral Research Fellowship

建议#0706750PI：Gabriela VALDIVIat她的社会、行为和经济科学少数民族博士后研究奖学金支持研究民粹主义改革政策对玻利维亚当地资源使用实践的影响。该项目侧重于土地革命对圣克鲁斯低地省土地和森林资源管理的影响。土地革命是一项旨在消除社会和经济不平等的农业发展建议。该项目涉及两个问题：(1)革命如何影响圣克鲁斯具有不同社会生态信仰和做法的用户对土地和森林资源的管理？(2)改革进程将如何改变当地的资源使用做法和关系？目标是研究资源管理的物质和象征性方面如何随着当地人员的地理想象(内生驱动因素)和外部行为者和进程(外生驱动因素)的变化而变化。考虑正在进行的民粹主义改革的当地动态是一种创新的方法，在发展中世界的政策制定中相对未被探索，但具有重大的更广泛的影响。首先，考察圣克鲁斯不确定时期的当地资源使用动态，为实证评估民粹主义改革能够(或不能)以可持续方式成功实现其社会和经济目标的条件提供了亟需的机会。鉴于拉丁美洲出现了新的民粹主义政权，以及该区域过去几十年民粹主义政策的社会经济结果喜忧参半，这一点非常有价值。其次，更深入地了解当地知识结构和关系如何在变化时期塑造资源决策，有助于在生物多样性价值高、社会不平等和政治不稳定的地区的可持续治理中建立更有效的未来政策干预措施。与这些不同但互补的赞助者进行培训将拓宽申请者的研究技能，并促进开展这项研究所需的专业知识和基础设施。作为这一项目的结果，与玻利维亚机构和研究人员的合作和交流也将提高申请者制定方法的能力，使其能够在人类环境研究中的理论和实际问题之间架起桥梁。最后，这项研究还将通过强调定性和定量方法的结合(特别是通过使用基于代理人的建模)来提高申请者的方法和概念专长，以便为制定发展政策提供新的和重要的方法。

Proposal # 0706750PI: GABRIELA VALDIVIAThis Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences Minority PostDoctoral Research Fellowship supports research on the effects of populist reform policies on local resource use practices in Bolivia. The project focuses on the effects of the Agrarian Revolution, an agricultural development proposal to undo social and economic inequalities, on the management of land and forest resources in the lowlands department of Santa Cruz. The project addresses two questions: (1) How does the Revolution shape the management of land and forest resources among users with distinct socioecological beliefs and practices in Santa Cruz? (2) How will local resource use practices and relationships change as a result of the process of reform? The goal is to examine how material and symbolic aspects of resource management change as a function of both geographical imaginaries of people in place (endogenous drivers) and external actors and processes (exogenous drivers). Consideration of the local dynamics of populist reforms as these are in progress is an innovative approach that has been relatively unexplored in policy development in the developing world, but has significant broader implications. First, examining the local dynamics of resource use in times of uncertainty in Santa Cruz offers the much needed opportunity to empirically assess the conditions under which populist reforms can (or cannot) successfully achieve their social and economic goals, in a sustainable manner. This is of great value given the emergence of new populist regimes in Latin America and the mixed socioeconomic outcomes of populist policies in the region over the last few decades. Second, a deeper understanding of how local knowledge structures and relationships shape resource decisionmaking in times of change contributes to building more effective future policy interventions in the sustainable governance of areas of high biodiversity value, social inequality, and political instability.Training with these distinct yet complementary sponsors will broaden the applicant's research skills and facilitate expertise and infrastructure needed to conduct this research. Collaboration and exchanges with Bolivian institutions and researchers as a result of this project will also enhance the applicant's ability to develop approaches that bridge theoretical and practical concerns in human-environment research. Finally, the research will also advance the applicant's methodological and conceptual expertise by emphasizing integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches (specifically, through the use of agent-based modeling), in order to offer novel and significant approaches to the production of development policy.