CSR---CSI: Adaptive end-to-end software infrastructure for sensor-based science

无线传感器网络（WSNs）正在改变现代科学的许多领域，从生态学到土木工程和公共卫生。与此同时，无线传感器网络试验台的实验也暴露了现有技术的一些缺陷，这些缺陷阻碍了该技术被领域科学家广泛采用。特别是，用作传感器的廉价传感器常常以复杂和意想不到的方式间歇性地失效。此外，由于传感器数量少，硬件限制，以及跟踪意外现象的复杂性，传感器网络可能无法准确记录间断事件（例如山洪暴发和冰雹）。在这个项目中，我们比较了用于检测传感器是否行为不当的不同统计方法的有效性和效率。我们研究了离线和在线技术，这些技术可以在资源有限的传感器节点上实现实时故障检测。我们还研究了使用类似的技术来学习网络正在监测的物理现象的固有特征。这些知识可用于动态检测和报告间断事件的开始，并相应地修改网络的行为。我们将使用存档数据评估这些算法的性能，并在用于土壤监测的无线传感器网络的节点上实现它们。该项目的成果将是一套算法，可广泛用于为基于传感器的科学构建响应性和高效的无线传感器网络。

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are transforming many areas of modern science, from ecology, to civil engineering, and public health. At the same time, experiments with WSN testbeds have exposed a number of shortcomings of the current technologies that hamper the wider adoption of this technology by domain scientists. In particular, inexpensive sensor transducers used as sensors often fail intermittently in complex and unexpected ways. Moreover, given the small number of sensors, their hardware limitations, and the complexity of tracking unexpected phenomena, sensor networks may fail to accurately record punctuated events (e.g. flash floods and hailstorms). In this project we compare the effectiveness and efficiency of different statistical methods used to detect whether sensors are misbehaving. We investigate both off-line and on-line techniques that can be implemented on resource-limited sensor nodes to detect faults in real time. We also investigate the use of similar techniques for learning the inherent characteristics of the physical phenomena that the network is monitoring. This knowledge can be used to dynamically detect and report the onset of punctuated events and modify the behavior of the network accordingly. We will evaluate the performance of these algorithms using archived data and implement them on the nodes of a wireless sensor network used for soil monitoring. The outcome of this project will be a set of algorithms that can be broadly used to build responsive and efficient wireless sensor networks for sensor-based science.