Collaborative research: Alternative strategies for problem solving in science

合作研究：解决科学问题的替代策略

• 批准号: 0722333
• 负责人: Mary Hegarty
• 金额: $ 29.63万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0722333&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Alternative; strategies; problem

The goal of the proposed research is to describe the interaction between visuo-spatial and analytical strategies during learning and problem solving in science. Recent studies have indicated that some scientific problems that had been assumed to require a spatial visualization strategy, in fact are often solved by analytic strategies. Therefore, the PIs propose a three-phase project to characterize the use of cognitive strategies during spatial problem solving in both general and organic chemistry. They aim to identify the differential use of visuo-spatial strategies and the availability of analytical strategies for scientific problem solving by students and instructors, individuals with high and low spatial ability, and men and women. They will also develop and evaluate methods of training these strategies. In Phase I of the project they will conduct task and protocol analyses of student and instructor problem solving in the domain of chemistry and in spatial ability measures. In Phase II, they will collect data on students spatial abilities, gender, and educational background to identify the determinants of strategy use in visuo-spatial problem solving, both generally and in the chemistry domain. In Phase III, they will train chemistry teaching assistants to teach alternative strategies to students in their class discussion sections. They will examine the effects of strategy training on problem solving by students of different levels of spatial abilities by assessing their strategies before an after instruction.

这项研究的目的是描述在科学学习和问题解决过程中视觉-空间策略和分析策略之间的相互作用。最近的研究表明，一些被认为需要空间可视化策略的科学问题，实际上往往是通过分析策略来解决的。因此，PIs提出了一个分三个阶段的项目，以表征在普通化学和有机化学中空间问题解决过程中认知策略的使用。他们的目的是确定视觉空间策略的不同使用，以及学生和教师、空间能力高和低的个人以及男性和女性为科学解决问题而使用的分析策略的可用性。他们还将制定和评估培训这些战略的方法。在项目的第一阶段，他们将对学生和教师在化学领域和空间能力测量方面的问题解决进行任务和协议分析。在第二阶段，他们将收集关于学生空间能力、性别和教育背景的数据，以确定在一般情况下和在化学领域中，在视觉空间问题解决中使用策略的决定因素。在第三阶段，他们将培训化学助教，在课堂讨论部分向学生传授替代策略。他们将通过在教学前评估他们的策略来检验策略训练对不同空间能力水平的学生解决问题的影响。