Interdependent Response of Complex Urban Infrastructures Subjected to Multiple Hazards

遭受多种灾害影响的复杂城市基础设施的相互依存响应

• 批准号: 0728040
• 负责人: Leonardo Duenas Osorio
• 金额: $ 28.57万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-10-01 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0728040&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interdependent; Response; Complex; Urban; Infrastructures

The accelerated growth of modern cities is creating unique challenges to the interdependent urban infrastructures that support contemporary technical, social, and economic vitality. Infrastructures such as power grids, water distribution networks, and telecommunication systems are growing in size and complexity at a pace that prevents understanding the effects of this rapid evolution on their functionality and resilience. If natural hazards or human-induced disruptions strike, urban infrastructures become the object of the perturbation and the means for prompt recovery. This dual role demands understanding of the mechanisms that enable failure propagation within and across urban systems, and the strategies that can be adopted to improve their residual functionality and recovery time in the event of unforeseen disruptions. Hence, this project aims at developing high fidelity models for interdependent urban infrastructures that can capture cascading failures and interdependencies. The adopted approach will simultaneously model network topology, internal flow patterns, and the pathways that support interaction across different systems. These models will be able to quantify global interdependent effects, and help prioritizing intervention actions to improve redundancy and accelerate urban recovery if disruptions occur. Interdependent optimization, which requires coordination of multiple objectives and constraints, will yield the most desirable socio-technical strategies.This project also supports the concept of system-level thinking for the new generation of civil engineers. A new course on ?Complex Urban Systems? at Rice University, and guided-visits to utilities of the city of Houston, Texas, will provide students the opportunity to engage in modern problem-based learning strategies. This project will also create an enriched summer experience for undergraduate students interested in urban infrastructures and working on network data mining and interdependent failure analysis problems. Since urban systems reach multiple demographics, a culturally and ethnic diverse pool of interns is expected to bring in unique perspectives and insights for their analysis. This project will also leverage the successes of the NSF-funded Mid-America Earthquake Center by providing new tools for the network analysis modules of MAEviz, the Center?s seismic impact assessment software package used today by urban risk analysts, city planners, and emergency managers. Also, interdependent infrastructure analysis frameworks will find applications in cybersecurity assessment of technologically advanced interdependent lifeline systems.

现代城市的加速发展给支撑当代技术、社会和经济活力的相互依存的城市基础设施带来了独特的挑战。电网、供水网络和电信系统等基础设施的规模和复杂性都在增长，这使得人们无法了解这种快速发展对其功能和弹性的影响。如果自然灾害或人为干扰来袭，城市基础设施就会成为干扰的对象和迅速恢复的手段。这一双重角色要求了解使故障在城市系统内部和之间传播的机制，以及在发生不可预见的中断时可以采取哪些策略来改善其剩余功能和恢复时间。因此，该项目旨在为相互依赖的城市基础设施开发高保真模型，以捕获级联故障和相互依赖。采用的方法将同时对网络拓扑、内部流模式和支持跨不同系统交互的路径进行建模。这些模型将能够量化全球相互依存的影响，并帮助确定干预行动的优先顺序，以在中断发生时改善冗余和加快城市恢复。相互依赖的优化需要协调多个目标和约束，将产生最理想的社会技术战略。该项目还支持新一代土木工程师的系统级思维概念。关于复杂城市系统的新课程？在莱斯大学，并有导游参观德克萨斯州休斯顿市的公用事业，将为学生提供参与现代基于问题的学习策略的机会。该项目还将为对城市基础设施感兴趣的本科生创造丰富的暑期体验，并致力于网络数据挖掘和相互依赖的故障分析问题。由于城市系统涉及多个人口结构，不同文化和种族的实习生群体预计将为他们的分析带来独特的视角和见解。该项目还将利用美国国家科学基金会资助的中美洲地震中心的成功，为MAEVIZ的网络分析模块提供新的工具，该中心？S地震影响评估软件包目前正被城市风险分析师、城市规划者和应急管理人员使用。此外，相互依赖的基础设施分析框架将在技术先进的相互依赖的生命线系统的网络安全评估中得到应用。