Doctoral Dissertaion Improvement Grant: Domestic Economies and Regional Transition: Household Production and Consumption in Early Postclassic Xaltocan, Mexico

在Elizabeth M. brumfield的指导下，Kristin De Lucia将在墨西哥Xaltocan遗址的后古典区域中心的发展过程中研究家庭生产和消费。本研究主要关注后古典早期（公元900 - 1150年）Xaltocan的家庭，以发现平民如何参与市场交换，以便更好地理解普通人与更广泛经济发展之间的关系。虽然发展模式往往侧重于精英交流和奢侈工艺品，但拟议的研究却考察了墨西哥盆地市场发展初期的家庭生产和普通商品消费。本研究检验了这样一个假设，即Xaltocan的经济发展依赖于这些商品的兼职家庭生产和对功利主义和社会价值商品的普通需求。特别地，本研究预测萨尔托坎的家庭利用湖泊资源参与区域交换系统。随着消费进口商品的愿望增加，平民加强了湖泊开采活动，以提供更多的市场交换机会。最后，本研究旨在强调家庭是后古典早期墨西哥经济和社会发展的基本组成部分。Xaltocan是一个人工岛，位于墨西哥山谷的北部湖泊系统中。当Xaltocan被建立时，它只是一个不起眼的定居点。然而，在早期后古典时期结束时，萨多坎发展成为一个区域中心，在区域交流和组织中发挥了主要作用。Xaltocan是北部山谷仅存的几个早期后古典主义遗址之一；因此，对Xaltocan从早期到中期后古典时期的家庭变化进行历时研究，为研究强大政治中心出现期间国内和地区层面的相互作用提供了难得的机会。De Lucia将对庭院群进行全面的家庭挖掘，整合多种证据，包括宏观和微观文物，土壤化学，微磨损分析，民族植物学和民族动物学遗迹以及建筑。这些数据之间的模式将确定在家庭环境中经常被忽视的食品的生产和消费。此外，De Lucia将研究不同家庭和环境下陶瓷的可变性。通过整合陶瓷的功能、背景和美学特征的数据，该项目将为影响家庭消费决策的动机、社会关注和实际需求提供新的见解。由于其更广泛的影响，拟议的研究将成为Xaltocan社区的重要教育资源。挖掘之旅是为儿童和成人组织的。当地社区成员参与挖掘工作，墨西哥考古学家将与该项目合作，监督挖掘工作。所有的考古收藏品都留在萨尔多坎，并可能并入当地的博物馆；因此，未来的学生和考古学家将能够访问这些藏品进行研究。最后，建议的研究结果将以论文的形式发表，以期刊文章的形式发表，并在专业会议上发表，以向学术界传播研究成果。

Under the direction of Elizabeth M. Brumfiel, Kristin De Lucia will examine household production and consumption during the growth of a Postclassic regional center at the site of Xaltocan, Mexico. This research focuses on households in Early Postclassic (AD 900 - 1150) Xaltocan to discover how commoners participated in market exchange, in order to better understand the relationship between ordinary people and the development of broader economies. While models of development frequently focus on elite exchange and luxury crafts, the proposed research instead examines household production and consumption of ordinary goods during the initial stages of market development in the Basin of Mexico. This research tests the hypothesis that economic development in Xaltocan depended upon part-time household production of such goods and commoner demand for both utilitarian and socially valued commodities. In particular, this research predicts that households in Xaltocan exploited lacustrine resources to participate in regional exchange systems. As the desire to consume imported goods increased, commoners intensified lake extraction activities to afford greater access to market exchange. Ultimately, this research seeks to highlight the household as a fundamental component of economic and social development in Early Postclassic Mexico. Xaltocan was a man-made island situated in the northern lake system in the Valley of Mexico. When Xaltocan was founded it was a modest settlement. However, by the end of the Early Postclassic period, Xaltocan grew to become a regional center, playing a primary role in regional exchange and organization. Xaltocan is one of few remaining Early Postclassic sites from the northern Valley; thus, a diachronic study of household change from the Early to Middle Postclassic at Xaltocan offers a rare opportunity to investigate domestic and regional-level interactions during the emergence of a powerful political center. De Lucia will conduct full-scale household excavations of a patio group, integrating multiple lines of evidence, including macro- and micro-artifacts, soil chemistry, microwear analysis, ethnobotanical and ethnozoological remains, and architecture. Patterning among these data will identify the production and consumption of food products that are often overlooked in household contexts. In addition, De Lucia will examine ceramic variability from multiple households and contexts. By integrating data on the functional, contextual, and aesthetic characteristics of ceramics, this project will offer new insight into the motivations, social concerns, and practical needs that influenced household consumption decisions. For its broader impacts, the proposed research will serve as an important educational resource for the Xaltocan community. Tours of excavations are organized for children and adults. Local community members participate in excavations and Mexican archaeologists will work with the project to supervise excavations. All archaeological collections remain in Xaltocan and may become incorporated into the local museum; thus, future students and archaeologists will be able to access the collections for study. Lastly, the results of the proposed research will be published as a dissertation, released as journal articles, and presented at professional meetings to disseminate research findings to the academic community.