International Research Fellowship Program: Trait-mediated Indirect Interactions: Effects in Community Assembly, Species Loss, Spatial Structure and Diversity-Stability Relationsh

Golubski国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9到24个月的研究。 该计划的奖项为联合研究以及使用国外独特或互补的设施、专业知识和实验条件提供了机会。该奖项将支持Antonio J. Golubski博士与Peter A.博士合作为期24个月的研究奖学金。在生态群落中，两个物种之间的直接和间接的相互作用经常会被其他物种所改变。 这些被称为相互作用修饰或性状介导的间接相互作用（TMIIs）。 这种相互作用在最近的生态学文献中得到了广泛的关注，但大多数包含它们的理论模型都集中在小社区和特定场景上。 TMIIs的一般含义，以及将其纳入现有理论框架的各种方式，仍然不清楚。 目前的研究旨在建立一个更普遍的理解TMII在大型社区的影响。 现有的模型和理论框架正在修改，包括TMIIs和探索他们的影响，社区组装，多样性/稳定性的关系，社区对物种损失的反应，和内生产生的空间结构。 这是使用各种组合的假设有关TMII强度的分布，这些强度之间的关系和强度的直接影响，他们修改，一个物种的距离之间的关系，（就节点的数量而言）从直接交互以及它修改该交互的概率和/或强度，以及当多个物种改变相同的直接效应时TMII之间的相互作用。 在不同的情况下，将TMII的影响，如当直接相互作用被限制为纯粹的营养（即食物网）或纯粹的竞争，或当TMII代表特定的生物现象，如猎物的防御行为或捕食者的适应性觅食，也进行了比较。 最终，将从真实的生态系统中寻找数据集，以寻找与理论工作发现的TMII最有趣和最重要的影响相一致的模式。 该项目的目标是对何时预期过渡性货币投资措施在社区中最重要，以及对它们的影响有何概括性的了解。

0754419GolubskiThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-four month research fellowship by Dr. Antonio J. Golubski to work with Dr. Peter A. Abrams at the University of Toronto in Canada.In ecological communities, both direct and indirect interactions between two species are often modified by additional species. These are known as interaction modifications or trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs). Such interactions have gained much attention in the recent ecological literature, but most theoretical models that include them have focused on small communities and specific scenarios. The general implications of TMIIs, and of the various ways of incorporating them into existing theoretical frameworks, remain unclear. The current research seeks to build a more general understanding of the implications of TMIIs in large communities. Existing models and theoretical frameworks are being modified to include TMIIs and explore their implications for community assembly, diversity/stability relationships, community response to species loss, and endogenously generated spatial structure. This is being done using various combinations of assumptions concerning the distributions of TMII strengths, the relationships between these strengths and the strengths of the direct effects they modify, the relationship between a species' distance (in terms of number of nodes) from a direct interaction and the probability and/or strength with which it modifies that interaction, and the interaction between TMIIs when multiple species modify the same direct effect. The effects of incorporating TMIIs under different scenarios, such as when direct interactions are constrained to be purely trophic (i.e. food webs) or purely competitive, or when the TMIIs represent specific biological phenomena such as defensive behavior in prey or adaptive foraging by predators, are also being compared. Ultimately, datasets from real ecological systems will be sought out in order to look for patterns consistent with the most interesting and important effects of TMIIs found by the theoretical work. The project's goal is to develop a general picture of when TMIIs might be expected to be most important in communities and what generalities, if any, might be made about their effects.