International Research Fellowship Program: Advancing the Understanding of Basaltic Volcanic Ash

国际研究奖学金计划：增进对玄武岩火山灰的了解

• 批准号: 0754423
• 负责人: Nicole Lautze
• 金额: $ 14.79万
• 依托单位: Lautze Nicole C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-01 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0754423&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Advancing

0754423LautzeThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-four month research fellowship by Dr. Nicole C. Lautze to work with Dr. Jacopo Taddeucci at the Instituto Nazionale de Geofisica e Volcanologia in Rome, Italy for fifteen months, and with Dr. Bruce Houghton at the University of Hawaii for eight months.This project aims to provide understanding of the origin, fragmentation, and ejection of basaltic volcanic ash. Fallout of volcanic ash is arguably the most widespread of all natural hazards, having the potential to affect climate, crops, water supply and air travel on international scales. This project incorporates analysis of ash samples from single, observed explosions at Stromboli volcano (Italy), and performance of analogue experiments in Rome?s Experimental Geophysics and Volcanology Laboratory. Textural and chemical data will be gained on ~80 unique ash samples each from an individual explosion collected during fieldwork in 2002, and individual explosion samples collected using a motorized glider in subsequent years. These are among the most ?precise? ash samples ever collected. Comparison of ash in these samples with particles created in controlled-fragmentation experiments provides insight into the origin of ash particles. This project addresses questions such as, a) which are the main processes that generate ash particles during basaltic explosions, and b) to what extent can features of ash particles be used as a proxy for explosion dynamics? Insight into such questions will enable a broader understanding of past and future ash-generating eruptions worldwide.

劳茨国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9到24个月的研究。该计划的奖励为联合研究提供了机会，并利用独特或互补的设施、专业知识和国外的实验条件。该奖项将支持Nicole C. Lautze博士为期24个月的研究奖学金，与意大利罗马国家地质火山研究所的Jacopo Taddeucci博士合作15个月，与夏威夷大学的Bruce Houghton博士合作8个月。该项目旨在了解玄武岩火山灰的起源、破碎和喷发。可以说，火山灰沉降物是所有自然灾害中分布最广的一种，有可能影响全球范围内的气候、农作物、供水和航空旅行。该项目包括对意大利斯特龙博利火山单次观测爆炸的灰烬样本的分析，以及在罗马进行的模拟实验。s实验地球物理与火山学实验室。将从2002年野外工作中收集的约80个不同的火山灰样本中获得结构和化学数据，并在随后的几年中使用机动滑翔机收集单个爆炸样本。这些都是最精确的。收集到的灰烬样本。将这些样品中的灰烬与受控破碎实验中产生的颗粒进行比较，可以深入了解灰烬颗粒的起源。该项目解决了以下问题：a)在玄武岩爆炸中产生火山灰颗粒的主要过程是什么？ b)火山灰颗粒的特征在多大程度上可以用作爆炸动力学的代表？对这些问题的深入了解将使人们对过去和未来全球范围内产生火山灰的火山爆发有更广泛的了解。