Earthquake Damage Detection in Buildings and Early Warning Based on Wave Travel Times

基于波传播时间的建筑物震害检测与预警

• 批准号: 0800399
• 负责人: Maria Todorovska
• 金额: $ 21万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0800399&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Earthquake; Damage; Detection; Buildings; Early

Abstract 0800399The objective of this project is to develop a novel methodology for remote structural health monitoring that is robust when applied to actual structures and large amplitude response, and is calibrated using data from full-scale structures. The focus of this project will be on buildings. The methodology is based on detecting changes in travel time of seismic waves propagating through the structure, that have been radiated by a virtual source created by de-convolution of recorded vibration response. The methodology will be calibrated using earthquake records from full-scale buildings that have been damaged or could have been damaged by an earthquake. Further, the effectiveness of this methodology for general condition monitoring will be explored. The major advantages of this wave-based method are that it can localize the damage with relatively small number of sensors, and that it is not sensitive to the effects of soil-structure interaction and changes in other structural boundary conditions.The availability of a validated methodology that works with real structures and field data will greatly facilitate the decision making during emergency response and recovery following an earthquake, and will help reduce loss of life, injuries and monetary losses caused by earthquakes. For example, a timely decision to evacuate an unsafe building will reduce the risk of loss of life and injuries caused by potential collapse of the weakened structure by its shaking from the aftershocks. The methodology, with capability for general condition monitoring of structures, will be a useful tool in managing the aging infrastructure. The results of this project will be broadly publicized and reported in technical journals for information dissemination. The project will also enhance the educational infrastructure of the nation by training a graduate student working on her/his Ph.D. thesis.

本项目的目标是开发一种用于远程结构健康监测的新方法，该方法在应用于实际结构和大幅值响应时是稳健的，并使用全尺寸结构的数据进行校准。这个项目的重点将放在建筑物上。该方法基于检测通过结构传播的地震波的传播时间的变化，该地震波已经被通过对记录的振动响应去卷积而产生的虚拟源辐射。该方法将利用地震中受损或可能受损的全尺寸建筑物的地震记录进行校准。此外，还将探讨这种方法在一般情况监测中的有效性。这种基于波的方法的主要优点是可以用相对较少的传感器来定位损伤，并且对土-结构相互作用和其他结构边界条件的变化不敏感，利用真实结构和现场数据的有效方法的可用性将极大地方便地震应急和恢复过程中的决策，并将有助于减少地震造成的人员伤亡和经济损失。例如，及时决定疏散不安全的建筑，将减少因余震摇晃而可能导致脆弱结构倒塌而造成的生命损失和受伤的风险。该方法具有对结构进行一般状况监测的能力，将是管理老化基础设施的有用工具。这一项目的成果将在传播信息的技术期刊上广泛宣传和报道。该项目还将通过培训一名正在撰写博士论文的研究生来加强国家的教育基础设施。