Collaborative Research: Foreland basin development and biotic change in Late Ordovician trilobite faunas of eastern North America

合作研究：北美东部晚奥陶世三叶虫动物群的前陆盆地发育和生物变化

• 批准号: 0819715
• 负责人: Stephen Westrop
• 金额: $ 13万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0819715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Foreland; basin; development

Collaborative Research: Foreland basin development and biotic changein Late Ordovician trilobite faunas of eastern North AmericaStephen Westrop, Univ. Oklahoma, EAR-0819715Lisa Amati, SUNY Potsdam, EAR-0819717Carlton Brett, Univ. Cincinnati, EAR-0819820Matthew Saltzman, Ohio State Univ., EAR-0819832 ABSTRACTThis project focuses on the minor extinctions that restructure ecosystems on regional to continent-wide scales and commonly punctuate intervals of relative ecological stability. These geologically frequent extinction events may have a cumulative effect on the biosphere that exceeds the impact of the better-known, relatively rare global mass extinctions. Such minor extinctions are also of interest because they may be closer in scale to many of the processes of anthropogenic habitat alteration that threaten the modern biota.PIs will study two episodes of biotic turnover in the Late Ordovician trilobite faunas of eastern North America that are responses to profound environmental changes associated with the development of the Appalachian Foreland Basin during the Taconic Orogeny. They will use a comparative approach to discover features common to both events. The younger event, in the late Edenian-Maysvillian is characterized by incursions of trilobite biofacies dominated by the oleniodean, Triarthrus that may be the biotic signatures of regional paleoceanographic shifts associated with tectonically-related changes in basin configuration and/or eustasy. Other environmental changes are expressed at the older event (Turinian?Chatfieldian boundary interval) by the appearance in shallow water settings of cryptolithine trilobites, a group that typically occurs in deeper environments.Two transects into the foreland basin, Kentucky?Tennessee?Virginia and central New York?southern Ontario, will be included in the study. South-central Oklahoma, a region outside of the Appalachian foreland basin, will be used as a ?control? to help isolate faunal patterns that are unique to the basin. The environments will be reconstructed by combining data from the sedimentary rock succession with carbon isotope curves. The project includes a full treatment of the systematics, biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the trilobite faunas.The broader impact of the proposed activity lies in education and training; four graduate students and at least four undergraduates will participate in the study. PIs will also bring the broader implications of the study of extinctions to the public by developing a ?virtual exhibit? and other web-based educational resources in collaboration with the Education Department at the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History. They will consider not only extinctions in ?deep time?, but also the recent past (Quaternary extinctions) and the challenges currently facing the biosphere (such issues as global climate change, ocean acidification, and habitat destruction).

合作研究：北美东部晚奥陶世三叶虫动物群中的前陆盆地发育和生物变化Stephen Westrop，Univ.俄克拉荷马州，美国-0819715 Lisa Amati，SUNY波茨坦，美国-0819717 Carlton Brett，Univ.辛辛那提，美国-0819820 Matthew Saltzman，俄亥俄州州立大学本项目的重点是在区域到大陆尺度上重建生态系统的小规模调整，通常是相对生态稳定的间断性间隔。这些地质上频繁的灭绝事件对生物圈的累积影响可能超过了更知名的，相对罕见的全球大规模灭绝的影响。 这种轻微的administrations也是感兴趣的，因为他们可能在规模上更接近许多人类活动的栖息地改变，威胁到现代biota. PI的过程中，将研究两个事件的生物营业额在晚奥陶世三叶虫动物群的北美东部，是深刻的环境变化与阿巴拉契亚前陆盆地的发展在塔科尼造山运动。他们将使用比较方法来发现这两个事件的共同特征。 年轻的事件，在后期的Edenian-Maysvillian的特点是由oleniodean，Triarthrus，可能是区域古海洋学的变化与构造相关的变化在盆地配置和/或euglyca的生物签名为主的三叶虫生物相的入侵。 其他环境变化表现在较老的事件（都灵？Chatfieldian边界间隔）的外观在浅水环境的隐石三叶虫，一组，通常发生在较深的环境。田纳西？弗吉尼亚和纽约中部？安大略南部将被纳入研究。 中南部俄克拉荷马州，阿巴拉契亚前陆盆地以外的地区，将被用作？控制权？来帮助分离出这个盆地特有的动物群模式。将沉积岩序列数据与碳同位素曲线相结合，重建环境。该项目包括全面研究三叶虫动物群的系统学、生物地层学和古生态学，拟议活动的更广泛影响在于教育和培训;四名研究生和至少四名本科生将参加这项研究。PI也将带来更广泛的影响，研究的预防公众通过制定一个？虚拟展览？以及其他基于网络的教育资源，与俄克拉荷马州自然历史博物馆的教育部门合作。 他们不仅会考虑在？深时间？，还有最近的过去（第四纪灭绝）和生物圈目前面临的挑战（如全球气候变化、海洋酸化和栖息地破坏）。