Rapid Post-Earthquake Assessment on Building Condition and Chemical Hazard with a Temperature-Tolerant Monitoring System

该奖项的研究目标是：1)开发和校准对温度和应变敏感的新型防火光纤传感器；2)开发基于测量应变和温度的集成传感系统和决策工具；3)在高温环境中验证和演示开发的系统，以评估钢结构的渐进倒塌机制。建筑框架模型，代表了1994年北岭地震后SAC钢铁项目中使用的3层钢建筑框架的缩小比例的子结构，将在高温下的重力荷载下进行测试。为了模拟各种地震效应，框架将首先受到不同的非弹性应力和横向荷载。然后将在高温下进行测试。随着温度的升高，钢柱降解（软化），承载自重的能力逐渐下降。框架的逐步倒塌将由防火传感器监测，并使用有限元模型更新技术进行实时预测。该奖项是电气和土木工程学院共同努力的结果，从而为参与的学生提供了结构健康监测和状态评估的跨学科培训机会。如果成功，新的传感器技术将使研究人员能够测量火灾-结构界面的数据，这对于了解地震后火灾环境中火灾引起的结构退化过程至关重要。开发的有限元决策工具将允许实时监测和评估震后火灾环境下钢结构建筑的结构状况。研究成果将被整合到本科高级课程的教学中，这将吸引来自广泛背景的学生，包括电气、土木和机械工程。这项技术将向联邦应急管理局（FEMA）等联邦机构进行演示，以便在未来的灾难响应中部署。

The research objectives of this award are to 1) develop and calibrate new fiber optic sensors that are fireproof and sensitive to temperature and strain, 2) develop an integrated sensing system and a decision-making tool based on measured strains and temperatures, and 3) validate and demonstrate the developed system in a high-temperature environment for the assessment of the progressive collapse mechanism of steel structures. Building frame models, representing a reduced-scale substructure of the 3-story steel building frame used in SAC Steel Project after the 1994 Northridge earthquake, will be tested under gravity loads at elevated temperatures. To simulate various earthquake effects, the frames will be first subjected to different inelastic stresses with a lateral load. It will then be tested at elevated temperature. As the temperature increases, the steel column degrades (softens) and its ability to carry the dead weights decreases gradually. The progressive collapse of the frame will be monitored with fire-resistant sensors and predicted in real time using the finite element model updating technique.This award results from a collaborative effort of faculty from electrical and civil engineering, thus providing an interdisciplinary training opportunity to participating students in structural health monitoring and condition assessment. If successful, the new sensor technology will enable researchers to measure data at fire-structure interfaces that are critical to fundamental understanding of the fire-induced structural degradation process in post-earthquake fire environments. The developed decision-making tool with FEM will allow a real-time monitoring and assessment of the structural condition of steel buildings in post-earthquake fire environments. Research findings will be integrated into the teaching of an undergraduate senior course that will attract students from a broad range of backgrounds including electrical, civil, and mechanical engineering. The enabling technology will be demonstrated to federal agencies such as FEMA for potential deployment in future disaster responses.