Immigration and the Dynamics of Labor Market Adjustment

移民与劳动力市场调整动态

• 批准号: 0827347
• 负责人: Ted Mouw
• 金额: $ 14万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0827347&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Immigration; Dynamics; Labor; Market; Adjustment

PI: Ted Mouw?Immigration and the Dynamics of Labor Market Adjustment in the United States?AbstractThis research project examines the effect of immigration on the employment and wages of native workers. There is a contentious debate in the academic literature between those who see the see the effect of immigration on wages and employment as small, if not zero, and those who argue that there is a substantial negative effect for less-educated native workers. This debate has spilled over into the media and mirrors the polarization of the immigration debate in society as a whole. The key to resolving this debate hinges on our understanding of how the labor market adjusts to an influx of immigrants. As the local labor market quickly adjusts through the out-migration of native workers away from high-immigration areas or the in-migration of jobs in industries that absorb immigrant labor, it is possible that the negative impact at the local level is quickly diffused throughout the country, and that the length of time between observations in most existing studies?typically the 10 years between censuses?is too long to model the process of adjustment. With quarterly individual and firm-level administrative data on the earnings and geographic location of workers from the newly available Longitudinal Employer Household Dynamics (LEHD) data, the investigators will model the process of labor market adjustment by following individual workers over time. The LEHD combines the benefits of the detailed geographic information and large sample size of the decennial census with the strengths of individual longitudinal data sets. This unique data will allow the investigators to model the short-term effects that are missed by other studies that use census data, as well as document the longer-term effects on workers who are displaced by immigration in specific industries. The investigators will also analyze the impact of skill complementarities between native and immigrant workers by occupation within detailed industries and at the firm level. The proposed research has the potential to provide a definitive answer to the question of the effect of immigration on the labor market. The findings will be used to inform the important public policy debate over immigration by providing clear empirical evidence on labor market impacts.

PI：Ted Mouw？移民与美国劳动力市场的动态调整？摘要本研究项目考察了移民对本地工人就业和工资的影响。 在学术文献中有一个有争议的辩论，有人认为移民对工资和就业的影响很小，如果不是零的话，还有人认为对教育程度较低的本地工人有实质性的负面影响。 这场辩论已经蔓延到媒体，反映了整个社会移民辩论的两极分化。解决这场争论的关键取决于我们对劳动力市场如何适应移民涌入的理解。由于当地劳动力市场通过本地工人从高移民地区迁出或吸收移民劳动力的行业的工作岗位迁入而迅速调整，地方一级的负面影响可能会迅速扩散到全国各地，并且大多数现有研究中观察之间的时间长度？通常是两次人口普查之间的10年太长了，无法模拟调整的过程。 通过新提供的纵向雇主家庭动态（LEHD）数据中有关工人收入和地理位置的季度个人和公司层面的行政数据，调查人员将通过跟踪个人工人的时间变化来模拟劳动力市场调整的过程。LEHD将十年一次的人口普查的详细地理信息和大样本量的好处与个人纵向数据集的优势结合起来。 这些独特的数据将使调查人员能够模拟其他使用人口普查数据的研究所遗漏的短期影响，并记录特定行业因移民而流离失所的工人的长期影响。 调查人员还将分析本地和移民工人之间的技能互补性的影响，在详细的行业和公司层面的职业。拟议中的研究有可能为移民对劳动力市场的影响问题提供明确的答案。 研究结果将通过提供有关劳动力市场影响的明确经验证据，为有关移民的重要公共政策辩论提供信息。