Collaborative Research - MOD: The R&D "Lab" of the Future: Foundations for Modeling the R&D/Innovation Planning Process

本项目考察了决策者在面对未来研发投资决策时的信息寻求和使用行为。许多趋势使这些决策变得更加不确定，特别是“开放式创新”、科技全球化、科技信息来源日益多样化，以及全球向发展中经济体外包研究。有大量证据表明，工业决策者缺乏必要的信息；不知道现有的信息；或者需要一个更具包容性的适当决策过程模型。这项研究揭示了行业决策者是否以及为什么会选择全球研发而不是美国研发。它通过研究作为全球创新者的公司如何使用有关科学和技术资源的信息，以及其他与创新相关的数据，来塑造他们的投资决策和竞争战略来做到这一点。该项目基于与创新管理研究中心和工业研究所（IRI）的合作，IRI的250个成员共同资助和实施了美国约75%的工业研究。这些公司的日常研发投资决策正在将传统的公司拥有的研发实验室转变为“未来实验室”（LOF）。每家公司自己的“LOF”可能包括一个传统实验室、一个合作实验室、一个虚拟实验室或一个外部资源网络，包括美国或国外的大学研究人员、政府或私人实验室、合作战略伙伴或模拟工具，从而增强甚至取代公司拥有的物理实验室。lof很可能因行业和公司的竞争环境而异。该研究考察了参与者对这些决策的讨论，以及他们用来决定如何建立未来创新能力的信息资源。该项目分析了LOF讨论，以揭示研发经理如何对他们所做的事情进行长期和战略性的思考。该项目记录了决策者在关于研发“LOF”的在线讨论中所展示的信息寻找和信息使用行为。此外，该研究为决策者投资承诺的基本原理打开了一扇窗。更广泛的影响：企业研发主管现在正在做出的决定，总的来说，将塑造LOF并影响美国的国家创新体系。这个项目记录了他们是如何做出这些决策的，他们目前使用的是什么信息，以及哪些类型的数据可能是可靠决策所需要的。项目结果使工业界的决策者和政策制定者了解目前使用的和未使用的数据和信息源，以及目前无法获得但将来需要的数据。

This project examines the information seeking and using behaviors of decision makers who face decisions about their future R&D investments. A number of trends have made these decisions more uncertain, notably "Open Innovation," the globalization of science and technology, increasingly diverse sources of technical and scientific information, as well as the global outsourcing of research to developing economies. There is substantial evidence that industrial decision makers lack needed information; are unaware of available information; or need a more inclusive model of appropriate decision processes. The study sheds light on whether and why industry decision makers choose global R&D over U.S. R&D. It does this by examining how firms that are global innovators use information about scientific and technical resources, together with other innovation-related data, to shape their investment decisions and competitive strategies. The project is based on collaboration with the Center for Innovation Management Studies and the Industrial Research Institute (IRI), whose 250 members collectively fund and conduct about 75% of U.S. industrial research. These firms' day-to-day R&D investment decisions are transforming traditional company-owned R&D laboratories into the "Laboratory of the Future" (LOF). Each firm's own "LOF" may consist of a traditional laboratory, a collaborative laboratory, a virtual laboratory or a network of external resources, including university researchers in the U.S. or abroad, as well as government or private labs, collaborative strategic partners, or simulation tools thus augmenting or even replacing company owned physical labs. LOFs are highly likely to vary by industry and by the competitive environment of the firm. The study examines participants' discussions of these decisions and the information resources they use to decide how to build their future innovation capabilities. The project analyzes the LOF discussion to reveal how R&D managers think long-term and strategically about what they do. The project documents information seeking and information using behavior as exhibited in an on-line discussion by the decision makers about the R&D "LOF". In addition the research opens a window into decision makers' rationales for their investment commitments.Broader Impacts: Corporate R&D executives are making decisions now that will, in the aggregate, shape the LOF and affect U.S. national innovation system. This project documents how they are making those decisions, what information they are presently using, and what kinds of data might be desirable for robust decisions. The project results inform both decision makers in industry and policy makers about data and information sources presently used, not used, and data not presently available but desirable for the future.