Collaborative NETS-NECO: Wireless Underwater Multi-tiered Acoustic Networks (WUMAN)

协作 NETS-NECO：无线水下多层声学网络 (WUMAN)

• 批准号: 0832186
• 负责人: Urbashi Mitra
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0832186&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; NETS; NECO; Wireless; Underwater

Significant advances have been made over the past decade to establish high performance acoustic communication links for many ocean environments. However, there has been limited development on underwater acoustic networks, the fact that is in stark contrast with the terrestrial wireless networks. In an underwater environment, network nodesare neither small nor inexpensive, and the harsh environment renders network deployment difficult. Network design is challenged by the fundamental nature of underwater sound propagation: channel attenuation depends on the distance and signal frequency, resulting in a distance-dependent bandwidth; extensive time-varying multipath causes delay spreads of tens or hundreds of milliseconds, and low speed of sound (1500 m/s) results in severe motion-induced Doppler distortion and extreme channel latency. These facts necessitate dedicated design of communication algorithms and protocols on all network layers, their cross-coupling, as well as careful consideration of the overall system topology and architecture. In the design of underwater wireless networks, the challenge is to exploit, rather than avoid the peculiar effects of acoustic propagation. Towards this goal, emphasis is placed on three areas: architecture design (determining the degree of hierarchy and multi-hopping, and associated algorithms and protocols), system optimization, and resource allocation (power and bandwidth). Currently, no analytical results exist on optimized network deployment; furthermore, system capacity is unknown. Anaytical Results that are based on physical laws of acoustic propagation, and not on radio-like models, are expected to provide useful tools in the design of future networks challenged by high latency and limited resources.

在过去十年中，在许多海洋环境中建立高性能声学通信链路取得了重大进展。然而，水声网络的发展有限，这与地面无线网络形成了鲜明的对比。在水下环境中，网络节点既不小也不便宜，恶劣的环境给网络部署带来了困难。水声传播的基本特性对网络设计提出了挑战：信道衰减取决于距离和信号频率，导致带宽依赖于距离；广泛的时变多径导致数十或数百毫秒的延迟扩散，低速声速（1500米/秒）导致严重的运动诱导的多普勒失真和极端的信道延迟。这些事实需要在所有网络层上专门设计通信算法和协议，它们的交叉耦合，以及仔细考虑整个系统拓扑和体系结构。在水下无线网络的设计中，挑战在于利用而不是避免声传播的特殊影响。为了实现这一目标，重点放在三个方面：体系结构设计（确定层次和多跳的程度，以及相关的算法和协议）、系统优化和资源分配（功率和带宽）。目前还没有优化网络部署的分析结果；此外，系统容量是未知的。基于声传播的物理定律而不是基于无线电模型的分析结果，有望为设计高延迟和资源有限的未来网络提供有用的工具。