What controls the isotopic signature of terrestrial organic carbon? A biomarker study of the Paleocene and Eocene section in the Bighorn Basin (WY, USA)

是什么控制着陆地有机碳的同位素特征？

• 批准号: 0844212
• 负责人: Katherine Freeman
• 金额: $ 9.67万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0844212&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: What; controls; isotopic; signature; terrestrial

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Actof 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Earth's climate is warming at a pace and magnitude unprecedented in recent times, with profound (but not easilypredicted) consequences for terrestrial ecology and hydrology. Carbonisotopic signatures are an important tool for geologists studyingterrestrial environmental change on long time scales. However, carbonisotopic signatures can vary widely and work on modern plants reveals both environment and community composition can be equally significantinfluences. Although secular carbon isotope variations of atmospheric carbon dioxide are certainly transferred into ancient plant carbon, and thus soil carbon, so also are ecophysiological differences (e.g.,phylogeny, leaf habit, water use)that modulate carbon isotope fractionation between plant biomass and carbon dioxide and as well as carbon from other inputs such as microbes or weathered carbon. Worksupported by this grant will evaluate the relative importance of environment versus community composition as major mechanisms controlling carbon isotope values and molecular signatures of terrestrial plant inputs in the ancient soils and terrestrial sediments in the Paleoceneand Eocene of the Bighorn Basin (WY, USA) across both short term (PETM) and more protracted (Eocene) global warming.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。地球气候正在以前所未有的速度和规模变暖，对陆地生态和水文产生深远（但不容易预测）的影响。碳同位素特征是地质学家研究陆地环境变化的重要工具。然而，碳同位素的特征可以有很大的不同，对现代植物的研究表明，环境和群落组成都可以产生同样重要的影响。虽然大气二氧化碳的长期碳同位素变化肯定会转化为古植物碳，从而转化为土壤碳，但生态生理差异也是如此（例如，植物生长、叶的习性、水的利用），它们调节植物生物量和二氧化碳之间的碳同位素分馏，以及来自其他输入的碳，如微生物或风化碳。这项赠款支持的工作将评估环境与社区组成的相对重要性，作为控制大角盆地（怀俄明州，美国）古新世和始新世古土壤和陆地沉积物中陆地植物输入的碳同位素值和分子特征的主要机制，跨越短期（PETM）和更持久的（始新世）全球变暖。