CAREER: 21 cm Cosmology Observations

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。米格尔·莫拉莱斯博士（华盛顿大学）将致力于从HI（中性氢）观测中消除天体物理和仪器前景，以实现21厘米宇宙学时代。这将极大地增强我们对宇宙中第一批发光物体的理解，并可以实现精确的宇宙学和跨宇宙时间的暗能量研究。 在再电离时期（EoR），宇宙学信号比天体物理前景弱约5个数量级。原则上，主要前景的平滑频谱特性提供了一个沿着可以将这些前景从信号中分离出来的维度，但是这种分离由于可以掩盖这种区别的仪器效应而变得非常复杂。 莫拉莱斯领导着国际默奇森宽场阵列EoR前景减法团队，并正在为未来的HI暗能量测量与阿雷西博遗产快速阿雷西博L波段馈电阵列调查，平方公里阵列前体研究理解望远镜系统学项目。在此奖项下进行的21厘米宇宙学研究将有助于提取EoR功率谱，并将提供前景减去图像立方体，科学界。 这些图像立方体将向公众提供，以实现广泛的EoR科学，包括与星系调查，非高斯签名，詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜目标选择和类星体Stromgren球体成像的互相关。 此外，莫拉莱斯博士将实施本科研究计划，以帮助社区学院的学生转移到四年制研究型大学。社区学院转学生中女性和少数族裔学生比例过高。通过帮助这些学生成功转入研究型大学，该计划可以提高学生管道的多样性和准备进入研究生院和行业。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Dr, Miguel Morales (University of Washington) will work towards removing the astrophysical and instrumental foregrounds from HI (neutral hydrogen) observations in order to enable an era of 21 cm cosmology. This would greatly enhance our understanding of the first luminous objects in the universe, and could enable precision cosmography and dark energy studies across cosmic time. During the epoch of reionization (EoR) the cosmological signal is about five orders-of-magnitude fainter than the astrophysical foregrounds. In principle the smooth spectral characteristics of the major foregrounds provide a dimension along which these foregrounds may be separated from the signal, but this separation is greatly complicated by instrumental effects which can mask the distinction. Morales is leading the international Murchison Widefield Array EoR foreground subtraction team, and is laying a path for future HI dark energy measurements with the Arecibo Legacy Fast Arecibo L-band Feed Array Survey, Square Kilometer Array Precursor Research On Understanding Telescope Systematics project.The 21 cm cosmology research conducted under this award will help extract the EoR power spectrum and will provide foreground subtracted image cubes to the scientific community. These image cubes will be made available to the public in order to enable a broad range of EoR science, including cross-correlation with galaxy surveys, non-Gaussian signatures, James Webb Space Telescope target selection, and imaging of quasar Stromgren spheres. In addition, Dr. Morales will implement an undergraduate research program to help community college students transfer to four-year research universities. Community college transfer students are disproportionately women and under-represented minority students. By assisting these students to successfully transfer to a research university, the program could enhance the diversity and preparation of the student pipeline into graduate school and industry.