Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Collective Dynamics in Swarming Systems

集群系统中集体动力学的实验和理论分析

• 批准号: 0848755
• 负责人: Iain Couzin
• 金额: $ 54.35万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0848755&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Theoretical; Analysis; Collective; Dynamics

In this project the PI will study swarms experimentally and theoretically from the perspective of non-equilibrium statistical physics. The project will implement a fully controlled laboratory setup for interactive swarming experiments with fish and also use previously collected data on the collective motion of locusts. The project will contrast both systems using detailed, and idealized, swarming models to study the specificities and universality of their dynamics. Statistical physics concepts will be applied to search for generic characteristics of swarms that stem from common survival constraints. Detailed digital tracking of all individuals in a swarm will be used to investigate biologically meaningful swarming states. Comparisons will be made with equilibrium and non-equilibrium physical systems such as liquid crystals, spin-systems and granular materials. The project will achieve this by: 1. Building controlled laboratory experiments where hundreds, or thousands, of fish will be tracked concurrently and their response to stimuli recorded. 2. Developing detailed, and idealized, models to capture specific and universal aspects of swarms, respectively, and to develop new (physics-inspired) analytical tools for swarms such as correlation lengths, clustering, information flow, defect dynamics etc. 3. Investigate collective effects that are typical of non equilibrium dynamical systems such as scaling-laws, pattern formation, or transitions. 4. Testing if some swarming states follow a generic behavior due to the system adaptations and, if so, exploiting the consequences of this for theoretical analysis. The research will improve our understanding of swarming systems in particular and self-organization in general by combining experimental and theoretical approaches from biological and physical perspectives. It will set up new experiments and statistical measurements that can be used beyond the proposed context. It will explore the interactions between mechanical effects and behavioral adaptation across scales, furthering our understanding of non-equilibrium systems. In addition we will pursue a universal description of certain swarming states by hypothesizing that evolved critical-like behavior may exist. The interdisciplinary and collaborative nature of this project will be emphasized through the development of a strong outreach program for the public understanding of science. Swarming demonstrations capture the imagination and allow meaningful and creative interactions allowing the fundamental principles of collective behavior to be explored from a range of complimentary perspectives.

在这个项目中，PI将从非平衡统计物理学的角度从实验和理论上研究群。该项目将实施一个完全受控的实验室设置，用于与鱼类进行互动群集实验，并使用以前收集的蝗虫集体运动数据。该项目将使用详细的、理想化的群集模型来对比这两个系统，以研究其动力学的特殊性和普遍性。统计物理学的概念将被应用到搜索群的通用特性，源于共同的生存限制。对群体中所有个体的详细数字跟踪将用于研究具有生物学意义的群集状态。将与平衡和非平衡物理系统，如液晶，自旋系统和颗粒材料进行比较。该项目将通过以下方式实现这一目标：1。建立受控的实验室实验，同时跟踪数百或数千条鱼，并记录它们对刺激的反应。2.开发详细的、理想化的模型，分别捕捉群的特定和普遍方面，并为群开发新的（物理启发的）分析工具，如相关长度、聚类、信息流、缺陷动态等。研究非平衡动力学系统的典型集体效应，如标度律、模式形成或跃迁。4.测试一些群集状态是否由于系统适应而遵循一般行为，如果是，则利用其结果进行理论分析。这项研究将通过从生物学和物理学的角度结合实验和理论方法，提高我们对群集系统的理解。它将建立新的实验和统计测量，可以在拟议的背景下使用。它将探索机械效应和行为适应之间的相互作用，促进我们对非平衡系统的理解。此外，我们将通过假设进化的类批评行为可能存在来寻求对某些群集状态的普遍描述。该项目的跨学科和合作性质将通过制定一个强有力的宣传计划来加强公众对科学的理解。蜂拥而至的示威捕捉想象力，并允许有意义的和创造性的互动，允许从一系列互补的角度探索集体行为的基本原则。