Hard Scattering Processes in QCD

该奖项由2009年美国复苏和再投资法案(公法111-5)资助。位于弗吉尼亚州纽波特纽斯的杰斐逊实验室、(纽约)布鲁克海文的相对论重离子对撞机和世界各地的其他设施已经(并计划)探索涉及强相互作用粒子(如质子)的各种高能碰撞，以揭示其夸克和胶子的亚结构--夸克和胶子--量子色动力学(强相互作用的基本和微观理论)建立在其上的基本实体。虽然在过去只有一维的图像是可能的，但最近的发展使人们能够获得质子和其他强相互作用粒子的三维视图。拟议项目的主要目标是为正在进行的实验提供理论支持，并帮助完善未来实验活动的计划。它还有望在量子色动力学如何精确地描述某类高能碰撞方面获得新的见解，即只涉及一个粒子极化的过程。为这种过程找到适当的框架是出了名的挑战，目前从理论和实验两个方面都在进行深入的研究。这个项目的更广泛的影响主要是在对研究生的培训和教育方面。这个项目伴随着每年一次的理论粒子和强子物理讲座。该项目还将使其与天普大学实验强子物理小组的活动有更大的重叠。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The Jefferson Laboratory in Newport News (Virginia), the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in Brookhaven (New York), and other facilities throughout the world already (and plan to) explore a variety of high energy collisions involving strongly interacting particles (like the proton) in order to reveal their substructure in terms of quarks and gluons --- the elementary entities on which Quantum Chromodynamics (the fundamental and microscopic theory of the strong interaction) is build. While in the past only a 1-dimensional picture was possible, recent developments allow one to get a 3-dimensional view of the proton and of other strongly interacting particles. The major goal of the proposed project is to provide theoretical support for the ongoing experiments and to help sharpening the plans for future experimental activities. It is also expected to get new insights on how precisely Quantum Chromodynamics can describe a certain class of high energy collisions, namely those processes where polarization of just one particle is involved. It is notoriously challenging to find the proper framework for such processes, which currently are intensely studied both from the theoretical as well as the experimental side.The broader impact of this project, which is accompanied by a yearly lecture on theoretical particle and hadronic physics, is primarily in the training and education of graduate students. This project will also enable a greater overlap with the activities of the experimental hadron physics group at Temple University.