Strong Field and Ultrafast Atomic and Molecular Processes

该项目侧重于从理论上理解强相干辐射与原子和分子的相互作用，并研究使用超快（阿秒尺度）激光或电子脉冲来泵送或探测原子和分子中的电子过程。这样的过程在理论上很难处理，因为电子与强激光场以及与原子和分子势的相互作用通常必须以非摄动的方式描述；此外，与短激光或电子脉冲的相互作用必须描述为与时间相关。为了支持这些研究，我们开发了许多新的理论方法。研究包括使用阿秒尺度的电子脉冲作为原子和分子中电子运动的时间和空间探针；研究激光强度诱导的电离电子产率增强的起源，电子能量对应于所谓的“ATI平台”；开发了负离子高次谐波产生振幅和速率的新颖封闭解析公式，将这些结果推广到中性原子，并将这些结果应用于寻求提高高次谐波产率的方法；研究了短脉冲激光产生高次谐波中的双电子效应。参与该项目的研究生和博士后研究人员将获得理论原子物理学方面的广泛教育，在科学传播的各个方面获得第一手经验，并在一所大型AAU赠地大学教授本科生。项目成果不仅发表在领先的物理期刊上，并在国内和国际会议上展示，而且还定期在PI和合作者撰写的评论文章中提取和整合其他人的相关工作。过去所有参与该项目的研究生和博士后研究人员都受到了各种其他雇主的追捧，包括技术公司、医学研究人员和其他领先的AMO理论团体。这个项目支持的基础研究对我们在原子尺度上控制物质的方法的理解作出了广泛的贡献。我们在提高高次谐波强度方面的工作可能有一天会导致相干x射线的来源，从而为可视化活的生物结构以及纳米级材料结构提供一种新的手段。我们的研究涉及到电子的阿秒脉冲，可能导致解决电子运动的时间和空间的方法。2006年，由P.I.联合组织的在Kavli理论物理研究所举办的阿秒科学研讨会有助于加强这一新兴学科的研究基础设施。侦探2008年，他与人合作编辑了《新物理杂志》一期关于阿秒科学的特别专题，这是他继续为研究界服务的证据。

This project focuses on understanding theoretically the interaction of intense coherent radiation with atoms and molecules and on investigating the use of ultrafast (attosecond scale) laser or electron pulses to pump or probe electronic processes in atoms and molecules. Such processes are difficult to treat theoretically because electronic interactions with both intense laser fields and with atomic and molecular potentials must in general be described non-perturbatively; also, interactions with short laser or electron pulses must be described time-dependently. In support of these investigations we have developed a number of new theoretical approaches. Investigations include using attosecond scale electron pulses as both temporal and spatial probes of electronic motion in both atoms and molecules; investigating the origin of laser-intensity-induced enhancements of ionized electron yields for electron energies corresponding to the so-called "ATI plateau"; developing novel closed form analytic formulas for high order harmonic generation amplitudes and rates for negative ions, extending those results to neutral atoms, and applying those results to seeking ways to enhance high order harmonic yields; and investigating two-electron effects in high order harmonic generation by short-pulse lasers. Graduate students and postdoctoral researchers involved with this project are given a broad education in theoretical atomic physics, first hand experience in all aspects of scientific communication, and in teaching undergraduates at a large AAU Land Grant university. Project results are not only published in leading physics journals and presented at national and international meetings, but are also periodically distilled and integrated with related work by others in review articles written by the PI and collaborators. All graduate students and postdoctoral researchers involved with this project in the past have been sought after by a variety of other employers, including technology companies, medical researchers, and other leading AMO theory groups. The basic research supported by this project contributes broadly to our understanding of means to control matter on an atomic scale. Our work on increasing the intensities of high order harmonics may one day lead to sources of coherent x-rays, thus providing a new means for visualizing living biological structures as well as nanoscale materials structures. Our investigations involving attosecond pulses of electrons may lead to ways of resolving electron motion both temporally and spatially. A workshop on attosecond science at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics co-organized by the P.I. in 2006 has helped to enhance the infrastructure for research in this emerging new discipline. The P.I.'s co-editing of a special focus issue of New Journal of Physics on attosecond science in 2008 is evidence of his continuing service to the research community.