International Research Fellowship Program: Changes in Chert Acquisition Strategies during the Neolithic of Southwest Germany

0901893哈里斯该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9到24个月的研究。 该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，以及使用独特或互补的设施，专业知识和国外的实验条件。Harris博士与德国Tuebingen大学的Nicholas J. Conard博士合作。该项目正在对德国西南部斯瓦比亚白岩上唯一一个新石器时代燧石采石场的文物进行深入分析。在新石器时代的过程中，生活在中欧的人们的社会组织发生了许多重要的变化。这些变化包括区域化程度的提高、资源利用的强化和社会结构的分层。在新石器时代，德国南部广大地区工具石的主要来源是斯瓦比亚阿尔布高原的侏罗纪燧石。 这个项目探讨了三个新石器时代的原材料开发的变化。五千？公元前2200年，新石器时代早期（Linearbandkeramik或LBK，ca。公元前5500-4900年）人类是中欧的第一批农民，他们在那里引进了种植的谷物，驯化的牛，羊和猪，该地区？的第一个定居的村庄，和独特的陶瓷器皿。在新石器时代的过程中，中欧人民的社会融合程度和经济发生了进一步的重大变化。在考古学家可以看到的远距离交易的更有价值的商品中，有用于制造工具的高质量石头。作为德国西南部斯瓦比亚阿尔卑斯山上第一个被挖掘的石材原料来源，阿希？博格豪？遗址对于理解新石器时代经济中原材料的获取、运输和贸易的作用至关重要。 这项调查的结果将大大增加中欧燧石采集的可用数据。 作为一个新的和过时的网站，阿施？博格豪？与巴登-符滕贝格以外的其他采石场进行了有价值的比较。在德国西南部地区，只有定居点遗址被挖掘出来，而在施瓦本阿尔卑斯山本身，新石器时代的遗址几乎完全没有被发掘出来。因此，Asch？博格豪？采石场遗址填补了我们对该地区的定居模式和经济组织的理解中的一个重要空白。 这项研究将进一步为新石器时代硅质岩采石的研究提供一个比较数据库。

0901893HarrisThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twelve-month research fellowship by Dr. Susan K. Harris to work with Dr. Nicholas J. Conard at the University of Tuebingen in Germany.This project is conducting an intensive analysis of artifacts from the only excavated Neolithic chert quarry on the Swabian Alb of southwest Germany. During the course of the Neolithic numerous key changes have been observed in the social organization of peoples living in Central Europe. Among these changes are increased regionalization, intensified resource use, and stratification of social structure. Through the Neolithic the main source of tool stone for a broad region of southern Germany was the Jurassic chert of the Swabian Alb plateau. This project explores changes in raw material exploitation across three Neolithic time periods, ca. 5000 ? 2200 B.C. Early Neolithic (Linearbandkeramik or LBK, ca. 5500-4900 B.C.) people were the first farmers in Central Europe, where they introduced cultivated cereals, domesticated cattle, sheep and pigs, the region?s first sedentary villages, and distinctive ceramic vessels. During the course of the Neolithic further significant changes occurred in the degree of social integration and economy of peoples living in central Europe. Among the more valuable commodities that archaeologists can see traded over long distances was high-quality stone for making tools. As the first stone raw material source to be excavated on the Swabian Alb of southwest Germany, the Asch ?Borgerhau? site is vital to understanding the role of raw material acquisition, transport, and trade within the Neolithic economy. Results of this investigation will greatly increase the available data on chert acquisition for central Europe. As a new and well-dated site, Asch ?Borgerhau? provides a valuable comparison to other quarry sites outside of Baden-Württemberg. Within the region of southwest Germany only settlement sites have been excavated, and on the Swabian Alb itself the Neolithic remains almost completely unexplored. Therefore, the Asch ?Borgerhau? quarry site fills an important gap in our understanding of the settlement patterns and economic organization of the region. This research will further result in a comparative database for future research on chert quarrying in the Neolithic.