Understanding Climate-Driven Phenological Change: Observations, Adaptations and Cultural Implications in Northeastern Siberia and Labrador/Nunatsiavut (PHENARC)

了解气候驱动的物候变化：西伯利亚东北部和拉布拉多/努纳齐亚武特地区的观测、适应和文化影响 (PHENARC)

• 批准号: 0902146
• 负责人: Susan Crate
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0902146&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Climate; Driven; Phenological; Change

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This project is an interdisciplinary effort to systematically document, model, and interpret key linkages between physical, biological and human systems in the context of changing seasonality (phenology) due to global and local climate change. In line with the CSAS solicitation, the primary research objective of PHENARC is to understand the linkages between Arctic system climate change, altered phenological processes, and adaptations and responses of human societies to these changes to decipher implications for the future. The project?s overarching research questions are: i) What are the key seasonal events that form an integral part of the ecosystems in PHENARC?s two main study areas of northeastern Siberia and Labrador?; ii) How are these seasonal events changing, and what specific phenological shifts are occurring in these study areas?; iii) What are the drivers of these seasonal events, and how do they ripple through/affect the entire system?; iv) How are phenological changes and their resulting ecosystem impacts affecting the timing of people?s subsistence and other activities?; v) How are these societal changes in turn affecting the larger cultural system? In order to answer such questions, PHENARC will employ qualitative and quantitative methods of field study, retrospective investigations, and modeling/synthesis techniques. Data sources will include: systematic meteorological observations; climate proxy data; documentary historical records; oral history; and data drawn from interviews with contemporary respondents in the project?s two study areas. PHENARC builds upon the solid foundation of Arctic systems data already established by the project PIs in the Arctic/Subarctic regions of northeastern Siberia and Labrador/Nunatsiavut, two arctic regions not extensively studied before, that provide a variety of terrains, and ecosystem and human communities for a robust comparative study. Additionally, the communities differ in cultural and ethnic mix. PHENARC represents a novel approach to advancing knowledge of key linkages between climate and human systems by integrating Arctic climate data with local knowledge drawn from rural native communities in two distinct arctic regions. PHENARC involves the targeted communities, regional and national specialists, and a team of international collaborators and affiliates. By investigating patterns of seasonality in two disparate arctic regions that are each home to a dynamic contrast of mixed and native settlements, and with a resulting potential transfer of knowledge across scales and international borders, PHENARC?s contribution to global knowledge promises to be considerable with high potential for disseminating widely new knowledge regarding changing seasonality in Arctic climate and human systems. Project is includes a close collaboration with local community residents and the results will be disseminated widely on local, regional, and circumpolar levels.

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助的。该项目是一个跨学科的努力，旨在系统地记录、建模和解释全球和局部气候变化引起的季节性(物候)变化背景下物理、生物和人类系统之间的关键联系。根据CSAS的邀请，PHENARC的主要研究目标是了解北极系统气候变化、变化的物候过程以及人类社会对这些变化的适应和反应之间的联系，以破译对未来的影响。项目？S最主要的研究问题是：i)什么是构成PHENARC生态系统组成部分的关键季节事件？S西伯利亚东北部和拉布拉多的两个主要研究区域？ii)这些季节事件是如何变化的，这些研究区域正在发生哪些具体的物候变化？iii)这些季节事件的驱动因素是什么，它们如何影响/影响整个系统？IV)物候变化及其对生态系统的影响如何影响人们的时间安排？S的生存和其他活动？v)这些社会变化反过来又如何影响更大的文化系统？为了回答这些问题，PHENARC将采用定性和定量的方法，包括实地研究、回溯性调查和建模/综合技术。数据来源将包括：系统的气象观测；气候代理数据；文献历史记录；口述历史；以及从项目中当代受访者的采访中获得的数据？S两个研究领域。PHENARC建立在PIS项目已经建立的北极系统数据的坚实基础上，该项目在西伯利亚东北部的北极/亚北极地区和拉布拉多/努纳西亚武特这两个以前没有得到广泛研究的北极地区，为强有力的比较研究提供了各种地形、生态系统和人类社区。此外，这些社区在文化和种族混杂方面也不同。PHENARC代表了一种新的方法，通过将北极气候数据与来自北极两个不同地区的农村原住民社区的当地知识相结合，促进关于气候和人类系统之间关键联系的知识。PHENARC涉及目标社区、区域和国家专家以及一个由国际合作者和附属机构组成的团队。通过研究两个不同的北极地区的季节性模式，这两个地区各自拥有混合和原生聚落的动态对比，以及由此产生的跨尺度和跨国界的潜在知识转移，PHENARC？S对全球知识的贡献有望是巨大的，具有广泛传播关于北极气候和人类系统季节性变化的新知识的潜力。该项目包括与当地社区居民密切合作，其成果将在当地、地区和环极地各级广泛传播。