NSF Minority Postdoctoral Research Fellowship for FY 2009

2009 财年 NSF 少数族裔博士后研究奖学金

• 批准号: 0905805
• 负责人: Melissa Mark
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Mark Melissa M
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0905805&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Minority; Postdoctoral; Research; Fellowship

This action funds an NSF Minority Postdoctoral Research Fellowship for FY 2009 and is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The fellowship supports a research and training plan in a host laboratory for the Fellow who also presents a plan to broaden participation in biology. The title of the research and training plan for this fellowship to Melissa Mark is "Using physiological responses to stress to evaluate the impact of environmental degradation on survivial and reproduction in Neotropical breeding birds." This research will be conducted at University of California Berkeley under the sponsorship of Dr. Dustin Rubenstein.Environmental stress in degraded habitats can reduce survival and reproduction in birds living in agroforestry systems such as shade coffee. This occurs because high stress levels reduce physiological defenses against disease and parasites. Environmental stressors in degraded habitats include changes in microhabitat, unpredictable food availability, and higher depredation. This study is examining how physiology, behavior, and human caused changes to the landscape interact to affect the long term survival of birds in agroforestry landscapes. The project is exploring the impact of these stressors, and that of a recently introduced biotic stressor, brood parasitism by the striped cuckoo (Tapera naevia) on survival and reproduction in the rufous-and-white wren (Thryothorus rufalbus). This brood parasite lays its eggs in the nest of a host bird and the cuckoo chick subsequently kills all host chicks. Specifically, this project is evaluating differences in stress levels of rufous-and-white wrens that raise their own chicks or cuckoo chicks in shade coffee and intact forests. The training goals include new laboratory and field techniques in immunology and molecular genetics to investigate the mechanisms and processes that produce population patterns. These skills will aid the Fellow in future plans of working on the conservation of biodiversity in modified landscapes in developing countries. Additionally, the Fellow will serve as a mentor and role model to underrepresented students by offering training and professional development, with an emphasis on collaboration with Latin American countries.

这项行动为2009财年的NSF少数民族博士后研究奖学金提供资金，并根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）提供资金。该研究金支持研究员在东道实验室的研究和培训计划，研究员还提出了扩大生物学参与的计划。Melissa Mark的研究和培训计划的标题是“利用对压力的生理反应评估环境退化对新热带繁殖鸟类生存和繁殖的影响”。“这项研究将在加州伯克利大学进行，由达斯汀·鲁宾斯坦博士赞助。退化栖息地的环境压力会减少生活在绿荫咖啡等农林系统中的鸟类的生存和繁殖。这是因为高压力水平降低了对疾病和寄生虫的生理防御。退化生境的环境压力包括微生境的变化、不可预测的食物供应和更高的掠夺。 本研究旨在探讨生理、行为和人为因素对景观变化的影响如何影响农林复合景观中鸟类的长期生存。该项目正在探索这些压力源的影响，以及最近引入的生物压力源，即条纹杜鹃（Tapera naevia）对红褐色和白色鹪鹩（Thryothorus rufalbus）生存和繁殖的幼虫寄生。这种幼虫寄生虫在宿主鸟的巢中产卵，随后杜鹃雏鸟杀死所有宿主雏鸟。具体来说，该项目正在评估在树荫咖啡和完整森林中饲养自己的小鸡或布谷鸟小鸡的红褐色和白色弗伦斯的压力水平差异。 培训目标包括免疫学和分子遗传学的新实验室和现场技术，以调查产生种群模式的机制和过程。这些技能将有助于研究员今后在发展中国家改造景观中保护生物多样性的工作计划。此外，该研究员将通过提供培训和专业发展，作为代表性不足的学生的导师和榜样，重点是与拉丁美洲国家的合作。