Indirect Excitons

* 非技术摘要 * 该个人研究者奖支持一个项目，该项目旨在对由半导体薄层制成的结构的基本光学和电子特性进行实验研究。在长度为十亿分之一米的结构上的特殊设计允许创建称为间接激子的新实体。间接激子是独特的，因为它们可以被冷却到超低温。此外，间接激子也是独特的，因为它们可以像电子器件中的电子一样被电子控制，并且可以发出电子本身无法发出的光信号。该项目旨在增加我们对超冷间接激子物理学的理解。特别是它将解决的间接激子的传输和光学性质。通过这项研究获得的理解可能会导致开发利用电子和光学特性的先进设备的令人兴奋的可能性，即光电设备。参与该项目的学生将有机会对当代物理学的前沿进行探索性研究。该项目的潜在影响是发展凝聚态物理学知识，增加对材料光学和电子特性的基本理解，以及发展材料控制。技术摘要 * 该个人研究奖支持一个项目，该项目旨在对耦合量子阱、半导体结构中间接激子的超冷气体进行实验研究。 激子是复合玻色子。由于它们的长寿命和高冷却速率，间接激子可以被冷却到量子简并温度以下。此外，间接激子具有内置的偶极矩，并且它们的能量可以通过施加的电压来控制。这允许通过电压模式为间接激子创建面内电势分布。 研究将包括激子通过各种潜在的配置文件，以及激子图案的形成和自发的相干性在超低温下的运输。 这项研究将由学生进行，并将与教育相结合。该项目的潜在影响是发展凝聚态物理学知识，增加对材料光学和电子现象的基本理解，以及发展材料控制。

****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****This individual investigator award supports a project directed towards experimental studies of fundamental optical and electronic properties of structures made of thin layers of semiconductors. A special design of the structures on a length scale of a billionth part of a meter allows the creation of new entities called indirect excitons. The indirect excitons are unique because they can be cooled down to ultralow temperatures. Furthermore, the indirect excitons are also unique because they can be electronically controlled like electrons in electronic devices and can shine optical signals that electrons cannot do by themselves. The project is directed towards increasing our understanding of the physics of ultracold indirect excitons. In particular it will address the transport and optical properties of the indirect excitons. The understanding gained through this research may lead to the exciting possibility of developing advanced devices that make use of electronic as well as optical properties, i.e. optoelectronic devices. The students involved with this project will have the opportunity to perform exploratory research on the cutting edge of contemporary physics. The potential impact of the project is in development of knowledge in condensed matter physics, increase of fundamental understanding of the optical and electronic properties of materials, and in development of materials control.****TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****This individual investigator award supports a project directed towards experimental studies of ultracold gases of indirect excitons in coupled quantum well, semiconductor structures. Excitons are composite bosons. Due to their long lifetime and high cooling rate, the indirect excitons can be cooled below the temperature of quantum degeneracy. Furthermore, the indirect excitons have a built-in dipole moment and their energy can be controlled by an applied voltage. This allows creating in-plane potential profiles for indirect excitons by the voltage pattern. Studies will include exciton transport through various potential profiles and as well as exciton pattern formation and spontaneous coherence at ultralow temperatures. The research will be performed by students and will be integrated with education. The potential impact of the project is in development of knowledge in condensed matter physics, increase of fundamental understanding of the optical and electronic phenomena of materials, and in development of materials control.