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Probing the self-organization of plant cells by micropattern and microfluidics

通过微图案和微流控探索植物细胞的自组织

基本信息

批准号：
193867347
负责人：
Professor Dr. Peter Michael Nick
金额：
--
依托单位：
Botanisches Institut
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/193867347?language=en
关键词：
Probing self organization plant cells

项目摘要

How individual cells are coordinated into an entity, is a basic question of the development. The spatiotemporal distribution of specific biomolecules at the cellular and subcellular level plays an important role in this process. Plants lack the separation of immortal germ cells from mortal soma cells and therefore all plant cells are basically totipotent. The transition into the stem cell status is regulated by the plant hormone auxin that plays a central role as coordinating signal in this context. Auxin is transported directionally, a process that is related to cytoskeleton-dependent vesicle traffic. This polar auxin transport defines, what is "top" and "bottom" in a plant and how a pattern is established. In those cells development is controlled by an innate directionality of individual cells, they provide a good model to test the impact of signal gradients for cellular self-organization. This requires functional tests that are more stringent than mere genetic manipulation of overall protein activities. We will apply different geometries of individual containers to generate cells with specific shape, such that we can control the development of cell axis and polarity. Using microfluidics in combination with newly developed caged auxins and caged auxin transport inhibitors that can be locally released by a laser beam, we will generate gradients of auxin to control the local concentration of this signal and change the direction of transport. By these approaches we will be able to manipulate the spatial and temporal pattern of protein activity at cellular and subcellular levels which allows a functional dissection of cellular self-organization.

如何将单个细胞协调成一个实体，是发展的一个基本问题。特定生物分子在细胞和亚细胞水平上的时空分布在这一过程中起着重要的作用。植物缺乏将不朽的生殖细胞和死亡的胞体细胞分开，因此所有的植物细胞基本上都是全能的。向干细胞状态的转变受植物激素生长素的调节，生长素在这一背景下发挥着协调信号的核心作用。生长素是定向运输的，这一过程与细胞骨架依赖的囊泡运输有关。生长素的这种极地运输决定了什么是植物的“顶端”和“底端”，以及模式是如何建立的。在这些细胞中，发育是由单个细胞固有的方向性控制的，它们提供了一个很好的模型来测试信号梯度对细胞自组织的影响。这需要比单纯的基因操作整体蛋白质活动更严格的功能测试。我们将应用不同几何形状的单个容器来生成特定形状的细胞，以便我们可以控制细胞轴和极性的发展。将微流体与新开发的笼式生长素和笼式生长素运输抑制剂相结合，可以通过激光局部释放，我们将产生生长素的梯度，以控制该信号的局部浓度并改变运输方向。通过这些方法，我们将能够在细胞和亚细胞水平上操纵蛋白质活性的空间和时间模式，从而允许对细胞自组织的功能解剖。