Methyl Bromide and Selected Halocarbons: Response of the Ocean to the Montreal Protocol and Subsequent Amendments

甲基溴和特定卤代烃：海洋对《蒙特利尔议定书》及其后续修正案的反应

• 批准号: 0927874
• 负责人: Shari Yvon-Lewis
• 金额: $ 31.21万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0927874&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Methyl; Bromide; Selected; Halocarbons; Response

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Since the implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments, banning the use of methyl bromide (CH3Br), other halocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons, the concentration of these substances in the atmosphere have declined. This suggests the ocean should also have lower values than prior to the phaseout assuming the rates of biological production remain unchanged. A scientist from Texas A&M University will be conducting measurements of these parameters during cruises in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean basin to assess the spatial and temporal variability of surface ocean concentrations and saturation states of CH3Br and other halocarbons. In addition, the scientist will investigate the relationship between the distribution of CH3Br and the other halocarbons and remotely sensed oceanic parameters such as sea surface temperature. Lastly, any potential changes in the biological production or degradation rates of CH3Br would be ascertained. Results from this research will advance the understanding of the role of the ocean in the cycling of atmospheric halocarbons, as well as further our knowledge on the origin and cycling of these components in seawater. This scientific progression will allow scientist and modelers to develop the predictive capability on how air/sea fluxes of oceanic trace gases will respond to global changes in atmosphere/ocean chemistry and climate. As regards broader impacts, understanding the results and impacts of environmental policies and protocols that have already been enacted, such as the Montreal Protocol, is important in assessing the potential ramifications of enacting new environmental policies. Results from this study would be incorporated into the teaching materials for the proponent's graduate and undergraduate classes. One graduate student would be supported and trained as part of this project.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。自《蒙特利尔议定书》及其修正案实施以来，禁止使用甲基溴（CH 3Br），其他卤化碳和氯氟烃，这些物质在大气中的浓度已经下降。 这表明，假设生物生产率保持不变，海洋的价值也应该低于逐步淘汰之前的价值。 得克萨斯农工大学的一名科学家将在大西洋和太平洋海盆航行期间对这些参数进行测量，以评估海洋表层浓度的空间和时间变化以及溴化甲烷和其他卤化碳的饱和状态。 此外，该科学家还将调查溴甲烷和其他卤烃的分布与遥感海洋参数（如海洋表面温度）之间的关系。 最后，将确定溴甲烷生物生产或降解率的任何潜在变化。 这项研究的结果将促进对海洋在大气卤烃循环中的作用的理解，并进一步加深我们对海水中这些成分的起源和循环的了解。 这一科学进展将使科学家和建模者能够发展预测能力，预测海洋痕量气体的空气/海洋通量将如何对大气/海洋化学和气候的全球变化作出反应。 关于更广泛的影响，了解已经颁布的环境政策和议定书（如《蒙特利尔议定书》）的结果和影响，对于评估颁布新的环境政策的潜在影响十分重要。 这项研究的结果将纳入提议者的研究生和本科生课程的教材。 作为该项目的一部分，将支助和培训一名研究生。