EAGER: The Mind of the Blind on the Web

非视觉网络交互所固有的挑战使200多万美国盲人无法有效地参与日常的网络活动。现有的文献并没有提供视障人士在这些情况下的认知和主观感知的理解。没有这种理解，任何克服非可视化Web交互挑战的努力都不会得到充分的了解。这个项目研究了不同于正常视力用户的盲人网络用户所使用的认知策略。研究设计使用了一个解决问题的框架来比较盲人参与者和视力正常的参与者在执行一系列基于网络的任务时如何“自言自语”。盲人参与者在语言表达上有困难的活动，将进一步探索，以确定他们的认知策略，以及他们与正常人使用的策略有何不同。网络交互对许多日常活动都很重要，包括教育、工作、信息搜索、购物和社交。超过200万的美国视障人士无法有效地参与这些活动。这个项目的发现可能构成干预的基础，使盲人能够克服挑战，有效地参与需要网络交互的生活的各个方面。此外，它还通过参与的方式引入视障高中生进行研究。这项工作由BCS、CISE、OCI和EHR资助。

Challenges inherent in non-visual Web interaction prevent more than 2 million blind Americans from participating effectively in routine Web-based activities. The existing literature does not provide an understanding of cognition and subjective perception by visually-impaired people in these situations. Without this understanding, any effort to overcome the challenges of non-visual Web interaction will not be adequately informed. This project examines cognitive strategies employed by blind Web users that are distinct from typical sighted users. The research design used a problem solving framework to compare how blind participants and sighted participants "think aloud" while performing a series of web-based tasks. Activities where blind participants have difficulties, evidenced from their verbalizations, will be explored further in order to determine their cognitive strategies and how they differ from the strategies used by sighted persons. Web interaction is important to many day to day activities, including education, work, information seeking, shopping and socializing. More than 2 million visually-impaired Americans cannot participate effectively in these activities. Findings of this project may form the basis for interventions that allow enable blind people to overcome the challenges and participate effectively in all aspects of life that require Web interaction. In addition, it introduces visually impaired high-school students to research through participation. This work is funded by BCS, CISE, OCI, and EHR.