Collaborative Research: Modeling and synthesis study of a natural iron fertilization site in the Southern Drake Passage

合作研究：南德雷克海峡天然铁施肥场的建模和综合研究

• 批准号: 0948442
• 负责人: Matthew Charette
• 金额: $ 22.07万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948442&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Modeling; synthesis; study

The ocean plays a critical role in sequestering CO2 by exporting fixed carbon to the deep ocean through the biological pump. There is a pressing need to understand the systematics of carbon export in the Southern Ocean in the context of global warming because of the sensitivity of this region to climate change, already manifested as significant temperature increases. Numerous studies have indicated that Fe supply is a primary control on phytoplankton biomass and productivity in the Southern Ocean. The results from previous cruises in Feb-Mar 2004 and Jul-Aug 2006 have revealed the major natural Fe fertilization from Fe-rich shelf waters to the Fe-limited high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) Antarctic Circumpolar Current Surface Water (ASW) in the southern Drake Passage, producing a series of phytoplankton blooms. Remaining questions include: How is natural Fe transported to the euphotic zone through small-meso-large scale horizontal-vertical transport and mixing in different HNLC ACC areas? How does plankton community structure evolve in response to a natural Fe addition, how does Fe speciation respond to biogeochemical processes, and how is Fe recycled to determine the longevity of phytoplankton blooms? How does the export of POC evolve as a function of upwelling-mixing, Fe addition-recycling and bacteria-plankton structure? This synthesis proposal will address these fundamental questions using a unique dataset combining multiyear physical, Fe and biogeochemical data collected between 2004 and 2006 from 2 NSF-funded Fe fertilization experiment cruises and 3 Antarctic Marine Living Resource (AMLR) cruises in the southern Drake Passage and southwestern Scotia Sea through collaboration with scientists in the AMLR program and US Southern Ocean GLOBEC projects. All investigators involved in this study are engaged in graduate and undergraduate instruction, and mentoring of postdoctoral researchers. Each P.I. will incorporate key elements of the proposed syntheses in our lectures, problem sets and group projects. The project includes support to convene a 4-5 day international workshop on natural Fe fertilization at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The workshop will include scientists from United Kingdom, France and Germany who have conducted natural Fe fertilization experiments, and Korea and China who are planning to conduct natural Fe fertilization experiments. The participation of graduate students and postdoctoral scholars will be especially encouraged. The results will be published in a Deep-Sea Research II special issue.

海洋通过生物泵向深海输出固定碳，在封存二氧化碳方面发挥着关键作用。在全球变暖的背景下，迫切需要了解南大洋碳输出的系统分布，因为该地区对气候变化的敏感性已经表现为显著的温度升高。大量研究表明，铁供应是南大洋浮游植物生物量和生产力的主要控制因素。2004年2月至3月和2006年7月至8月的巡航结果表明，在德雷克海峡南部，富铁陆架水域向富铁高营养低叶绿素（HNLC）南极环极流表层水（ASW）进行了主要的天然铁施肥，产生了一系列的浮游植物华。剩下的问题包括：在不同的HNLC ACC区域，天然铁是如何通过小-中-大尺度的水平-垂直输送和混合输送到光区的？浮游生物群落结构如何响应天然铁的添加而进化，铁的形态如何响应生物地球化学过程，以及铁如何循环以确定浮游植物华的寿命？POC的输出作为上升流-混合、铁添加-循环和细菌-浮游生物结构的函数是如何演变的？该综合提案将使用一个独特的数据集来解决这些基本问题，该数据集结合了2004年至2006年间收集的多年物理、铁和生物地球化学数据，这些数据来自于美国国家科学基金会资助的2次铁施肥实验巡航和3次南极海洋生物资源（AMLR）巡航，这些巡航在德雷克海峡南部和斯科舍海西南部进行，与AMLR计划和美国南大洋GLOBEC项目的科学家合作。参与本研究的所有研究者均从事研究生和本科生教学，并指导博士后研究人员。每个P.I.都将在我们的讲座、问题集和小组项目中纳入所建议的综合的关键要素。该项目包括支持在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所召开为期4-5天的自然铁施肥国际研讨会。已经进行自然铁施肥实验的英国、法国、德国和计划进行自然铁施肥实验的韩国和中国的科学家将参加研讨会。特别鼓励研究生和博士后学者的参与。研究结果将发表在《深海研究II》特刊上。