Radiation of the Vernonieae (Compositae) in montane and lowland habitats in the Americas

美洲山地和低地生境中斑鸠菊科植物的辐射

• 批准号: 0948437
• 负责人: Sterling Keeley
• 金额: $ 17.9万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948437&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Radiation; Vernonieae; Compositae; montane; lowland

A phylogenetic reconstruction of the Compositae tribe Vernonieae, with a focus on the species rich genera Critoniopsis and Vernonanthura, will be used to trace pathways and timings of the radiation of the tribe in the Americas. The Compositae is the largest of all flowering plant families (23,000-30,000 species) and is distributed worldwide. However, the Vernonieae is the only tribe in the family with genera widely radiated in South, Central, and North America in both montane and lowland habitats. Critoniopsis and Vernonanthura have a number of attributes that make them excellent candidates for investigating the effects of the major climatic and geological events that have affected the distribution of many plants and animals in the New World. The radiation spans some of the most biologically significant geologic and climatic events in the region including the uplift of the Andes, the drying of eastern South America, the closure of the Isthmus of Panama (the Great American Interchange) and the formation of the modern West Indian islands. The proposed research will clarify the availability and timing of major dispersal routes between South and North America. DNA sequence data from nuclear and chloroplast genomes will be used to reconstruct the evolutionary histories of Vernonanthura and Critoniopsis. They will be placed within the phylogenetic framework of the tribe thus extending its systematic value. Biogeographical analyses will be conducted using DIVA and likelihood methods in order to explore a range of explanations for the patterns observed. These will be correlated with the phylogenetic position of species in both genera. The research is highly collaborative and involves students and faculty from Brazil, Mexico, University of Hawaii at Manoa and colleagues at the Smithsonian Institution and the Fairchild Botanical Garden. Graduate and undergraduate students will have multiple opportunities to participate in research and data analyses and efforts will be made to reach out to native Hawaiian students. The Vernonieae are particularly well represented in Brazil and a mini-symposium at the University of Sao Paulo is specifically designed to promote collaborative activities of students who are actively working in Compositae systematics and who will be taking the lead in the not-to-distant future. Through the Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) project information will be shared with the wider scientific community.

一个系统发育重建的菊科部落Vernonieae，重点是物种丰富的属Critoniopsis和Vernonanthura，将被用来跟踪路径和时间的部落在美洲的辐射。菊科是所有开花植物家族中最大的（23，000 - 30，000种），分布于世界各地。然而，斑鸠菊族是该科中唯一一个广泛分布于南美洲、中美洲和北美洲山地和低地生境的属。Critoniopsis和Vernonanthura具有许多属性，使它们成为调查影响新大陆许多植物和动物分布的主要气候和地质事件的影响的绝佳候选人。 辐射跨越了该地区一些最具生物意义的地质和气候事件，包括安第斯山脉的隆起、南美洲东部的干燥、巴拿马地峡（大美洲交汇处）的关闭和现代西印度群岛的形成。拟议的研究将澄清南美洲和北美洲之间主要传播路线的可用性和时间。核和叶绿体基因组的DNA序列数据将被用来重建斑鸠菊属和拟柱菊属的进化历史。它们将被置于部落的系统发育框架内，从而扩展其系统价值。将使用DIVA和可能性方法进行生物地理分析，以探索对所观察到的模式的一系列解释。这些将与两属中物种的系统发育位置相关。这项研究是高度合作的，涉及来自巴西，墨西哥，马诺阿的夏威夷大学的学生和教师以及史密森学会和费尔柴尔德植物园的同事。研究生和本科生将有多种机会参与研究和数据分析，并将努力接触夏威夷本地学生。斑鸠菊科在巴西有很好的代表性，圣保罗大学的一个小型研讨会是专门为促进那些积极从事菊科系统学工作的学生的合作活动而设计的，他们将在不远的将来发挥带头作用。通过生命百科全书项目，将与更广泛的科学界分享信息。