Collaborative Research: GEOTRACES Atlantic Section Nitrate Isotope Measurements
合作研究:GEOTRACES 大西洋剖面硝酸盐同位素测量
基本信息
- 批准号:0960802
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 27.06万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2010-05-01 至 2013-04-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Nitrogen is one of the two major nutrients required universally by plankton in the ocean, and its availability can affect the ocean's ecology, productivity, and carbon cycle. While the cycling of fixed N in the ocean is in one sense emblematic of other nutrient cycles, it is also unique in that its largest input (N fixation) and output (denitrification) are biologically mediated, which renders the ocean N budget susceptible to complex biological feedbacks. It thus provides a platform for asking one of the core questions of global biogeochemical cycles: How is it that the actions of individual organisms and groups conspire with physicochemical conditions to produce a global Earth surface environment that has been continuously habitable for billions of years? The dominant terms in the oceanic fixed N input/output budget are poorly characterized, and we focus our attention here on N fixation. Developing robust estimates of the global rate and distribution of N fixation from "direct" shipboard measurements of N fixing activity is complicated by the inherent spatial and temporal variability of this biologically mediated flux. Thus, geochemical approaches for estimating N fixation inputs have come to the forefront. Currently, nitrate stable isotope measurements, which could provide an integrative estimate of N fixation on a regional or basin scale, are sparse in the Atlantic, being focused primarily in the Sargasso Sea. The GEOTRACES program provides a platform to put these data into a broader context through the illumination of basin-scale patterns. In this project researchers from Princeton University, Brown University, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution will measure the d15N of nitrate in seawater and atmospheric samples collected as part of the GEOTRACES North Atlantic Section. Nitrate d15N is a GEOTRACES "core parameter" that will complement other measurements and will by itself provide important constraints on the oceanographic processes, including N fixation, lateral nitrate transport, low latitude N cycling, the effect of the North African upwelling regions on nutrient fluxes across the basin, and the exchange of fixed N with the Mediterranean. In addition to yielding such specific process-related insights, this work will provide one of the first cross-basin views of nitrate isotopes in the interior and will thus help to simply characterize the isotope signals of different interior water masses, including the Mode Waters, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Mediterranean Intermediate Water, Lower and Upper North Atlantic Deep Water, and Antarctic Bottom Water. Finally, the isotopic characterization of atmospheric nitrate deposition will inform our understanding of the N isotope budget and isotopic gradients of the North Atlantic. Combined, these measurements will yield insight into modern biogeochemical processes and will also provide first order background information for both modern physical oceanographic and paleoceanographic applications. As an example of the latter, studies of Atlantic sediments seek to reconstruct past changes in the rate of N fixation, based on the modern finding that N fixation appears to lower the d15N of thermocline nitrate in the Sargasso Sea. Progress in this paleoceanographic work relies on a more complete picture of nitrate d15N in the modern Atlantic. Broader impacts: The broader impacts of the proposed study include the mentoring of a postdoctoral investigator and the inclusion of undergraduates in state-of-the-art research. The project will also provide a high-quality nitrate isotope data set for the North Atlantic for use by the broader community.
氮是海洋浮游生物普遍需要的两种主要营养物质之一,其有效性影响着海洋的生态、生产力和碳循环。虽然海洋中固定氮的循环在某种意义上是其他营养循环的象征,但它的独特之处在于其最大的输入(固定氮)和输出(反硝化)是生物介导的,这使得海洋氮收支容易受到复杂的生物反馈的影响。因此,它为提出全球生物地球化学循环的核心问题之一提供了一个平台:个体生物和群体的行为如何与物理化学条件合谋,产生了数十亿年来一直适合居住的全球地球表面环境?在海洋固定N输入/输出预算中占主导地位的项特征很差,我们在这里将注意力集中在N固定上。由于这种生物介导的通量固有的时空变异性,通过“直接”船上对固氮活性的测量,对全球固氮速率和分布进行可靠的估计是复杂的。因此,估算固氮输入的地球化学方法已经走到了前沿。目前,可以在区域或盆地尺度上提供氮固定综合估计的硝酸盐稳定同位素测量在大西洋中很少,主要集中在马尾藻海。GEOTRACES程序提供了一个平台,通过阐明盆地尺度模式,将这些数据置于更广泛的背景下。在这个项目中,来自普林斯顿大学、布朗大学和伍兹霍尔海洋研究所的研究人员将测量海水和大气样本中的硝酸盐d15N,这些样本是GEOTRACES北大西洋部分的一部分。硝态氮是GEOTRACES的一个“核心参数”,它将补充其他测量结果,并将对海洋学过程提供重要约束,包括氮固定、横向硝酸盐运输、低纬度N循环、北非上升流区对整个盆地营养物通量的影响以及与地中海的固定N交换。除了提供这些具体的过程相关的见解之外,这项工作还将提供内陆硝酸盐同位素的第一个跨盆地视图之一,从而有助于简单地表征不同内部水团的同位素信号,包括模态水域、南极中间水域、地中海中间水域、北大西洋深水和北大西洋深水以及南极底水。最后,大气硝酸盐沉积的同位素特征将有助于我们对北大西洋N同位素收支和同位素梯度的理解。结合起来,这些测量将产生对现代生物地球化学过程的见解,并将为现代物理海洋学和古海洋学应用提供一级背景信息。作为后者的一个例子,对大西洋沉积物的研究试图重建过去氮固定率的变化,基于现代的发现,氮固定似乎降低了马尾藻海中温跃层硝酸盐的d15N。这项古海洋学工作的进展依赖于对现代大西洋中硝酸盐d15N的更完整的了解。更广泛的影响:提议的研究的更广泛的影响包括博士后研究者的指导和最先进的研究中包括本科生。该项目还将为北大西洋提供高质量的硝酸盐同位素数据集,供更广泛的社区使用。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Daniel Sigman其他文献
Daniel Sigman的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Daniel Sigman', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: US GEOTRACES GP17-ANT: Nitrogen isotope dynamics on the Amundsen Sea continental margin
合作研究:美国GEOTRACES GP17-ANT:阿蒙森海大陆边缘的氮同位素动力学
- 批准号:
2148921 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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2303548 - 财政年份:2023
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$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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2054780 - 财政年份:2021
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US GEOTRACES GP17-OCE: Nitrate isotopic signals of the Southern Ocean's circulation and biogeochemistry
US GEOTRACES GP17-OCE:南大洋环流和生物地球化学的硝酸盐同位素信号
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2049416 - 财政年份:2021
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$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
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A high-density, high-precision zonal section of nitrate isotopes across the South Indian Ocean
南印度洋高密度、高精度硝酸盐同位素纬向剖面
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1851430 - 财政年份:2019
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$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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1536368 - 财政年份:2015
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$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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1401489 - 财政年份:2014
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$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Understanding the nitrogen isotopes of planktonic foraminifera: A modern Sargasso Sea study
了解浮游有孔虫的氮同位素:现代马尾藻海研究
- 批准号:
1060947 - 财政年份:2011
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$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Isotopic and Compositional Investigation of the Sources and Interactions of Reactive Nitrogen in the Marine Atmosphere at Bermuda
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- 批准号:
1044997 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 27.06万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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