Strongly Interacting Quantum Mixtures of Ultracold Atoms

超冷原子的强相互作用量子混合物

• 批准号: 0969311
• 负责人: Martin Zwierlein
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-15 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0969311&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Strongly; Interacting; Quantum; Mixtures; Ultracold

This is a research program on mixtures of ultracold atomic gases with the goal to study novel forms of matter. These gases represent an entirely new material with unique and controllable properties, and they provide a model system for the physics of electrons in modern materials. The experiments focus on phenomena far from equilibrium and in the presence of disorder, two themes that are poorly understood theoretically, but of great importance in uncovering the workings of High-TC superconductors and colossal magnetoresistive materials. One series of experiments will deal with spin transport in Fermi gases, with implications for the emerging field of spintronics. A second class of experiments will establish the rules by which diffusion, interactions and disorder can quench metallic states and how impurities promote or destroy superfluidity. This research will test and thereby advance current theories and is relevant to diverse fields of physics: From studies of high-temperature superconductors in condensed matter physics, to the quark-gluon plasma of the early Universe and the behavior of neutron matter in nuclear physics. Improved knowledge gained from these experiments may enable material scientists to harness the power of modern materials for storage devices with extreme data density, for energy efficiency and lightweight electric motors. The work will provide training for graduate and undergraduate students and postdocs on lasers, computer control, vacuum assemblies, and radiofrequency and microwave electronics, thereby combining research with education objectives. The direct observation and manipulation of many-body states will provide a very stimulating and rewarding experience at a time when the fields of atomic physics and condensed matter physics merge. All research will be performed on campus and will be fully integrated in teaching and education, via MIT's program for Undergraduate Research Opportunities (UROP) and in physics and public lectures by providing visual illustrations for basic concepts in physics.

这是一个研究超冷原子气体混合物的项目，目的是研究物质的新形式。这些气体代表了一种具有独特和可控特性的全新材料，它们为现代材料中的电子物理提供了一个模型系统。实验集中在远离平衡和无序存在的现象上，这两个主题在理论上很难理解，但在揭示高tc超导体和巨磁阻材料的工作原理方面非常重要。一系列的实验将处理费米气体中的自旋输运，这对新兴的自旋电子学领域有影响。第二类实验将建立扩散、相互作用和无序使金属态猝灭的规则，以及杂质如何促进或破坏超流动性。这项研究将测试并因此推进当前的理论，并与物理的各个领域相关：从凝聚态物理中的高温超导体的研究，到早期宇宙的夸克-胶子等离子体和核物理中中子物质的行为。从这些实验中获得的改进知识可能使材料科学家能够利用现代材料的力量来制造具有极高数据密度的存储设备，提高能源效率和轻型电动机。这项工作将为研究生、本科生和博士后提供激光、计算机控制、真空组件、射频和微波电子学方面的培训，从而将研究与教育目标结合起来。在原子物理学和凝聚态物理学领域合并的时候，直接观察和操纵多体态将提供一个非常刺激和有益的经验。所有的研究都将在校园内进行，并将通过麻省理工学院的本科生研究机会计划（UROP）以及物理和公共讲座，通过提供物理基本概念的可视化插图，完全融入教学和教育中。