Adaptomics: The Evolution of C4 Photosynthesis in the Brassicales

适应组学：芸苔目 C4 光合作用的进化

• 批准号: 197748786
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas P.M. Weber
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/197748786?language=en
• 关键词: Adaptomics; Evolution; C4; Photosynthesis; Brassicales

C4 photosynthesis has evolved at least 60-times independently from C3 ancestors in both mono- and dicotyledonous seed plant families. It thus represents a remarkable example of convergent evolution of a complex adaptive trait. C4 photosynthesis can be considered as an adaptation to high temperatures and low water availability, or, more generally, to conditions of abiotic stress. Simply spoken, the emerging model of how C4 plants evolve from C3 ancestors posits that genes that are already present in C3 plants undergo changes in their expression strength and their expression domains in the course of C4 evolution, which is frequently accompanied (or predated) by gene and/or genome duplications. Beyond this general model, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying this complex adaptive trait are not well understood. The discovery of several C4 photosynthetic species in the family Cleomaceae, a sister family to the Brassicaceae within the Brassicales, and of C3-C4 photosynthetic intermediate species in the genus Moricandia within the Brassicales now makes it possible to capitalize on the resources and tools available for the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana for dissecting the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the C4 trait in the Brassicales. Specifically, this proposal aims at the identification and functional analysis of genes governing the C4 trait through genome-wide comparative analyses of C3, C3-C4 intermediates, and C4 Brassicaceae and Cleomaceae. Hypotheses derived from comparative analysis will be tested by repression and mis-expression of candidate genes in transgenic Arabidopsis and Moricandia spec.

在单子叶和双子叶种子植物家族中，C4光合作用已经独立于C3祖先进化了至少60次。因此，它代表了一个复杂适应性特征的收敛进化的显着例子。C4光合作用可以被认为是对高温和低水分可用性的适应，或者更广泛地说，是对非生物胁迫条件的适应。简单地说，C4植物如何从C3祖先进化的新兴模型假设，C3植物中已经存在的基因在C4进化过程中经历了表达强度和表达结构域的变化，这往往伴随着(或先于)基因和/或基因组的复制。除了这个一般的模型，这种复杂的适应性特征背后的遗传和分子机制还没有被很好地理解。Cleomaceae中几个C4光合作用物种的发现，以及Brassicales中Brassicaceae与Brassicaceae的姐妹科C3-C4光合作用中间种的发现，使我们有可能利用模式植物拟南芥可用的资源和工具来剖析Brassicales中C4特征的遗传和分子机制。具体地说，这项建议旨在通过对C3、C3-C4中间体以及C4十字花科和蜡梅科植物的全基因组比较分析来鉴定和分析控制C4性状的基因。来自比较分析的假说将通过在转基因拟南芥和Moricandia Spec中抑制和错误表达候选基因来检验。