The role of diSUMO-like DSUL and targets for female gametogenesis and early embryogenesis in maize

玉米中 diSUMO 样 DSUL 的作用以及雌性配子发生和早期胚胎发生的靶标

• 批准号: 197814259
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Thomas Dresselhaus
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Zellbiologie und Pflanzenbiochemie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/197814259?language=en
• 关键词: role; diSUMO; like; DSUL; targets

Reversible post-translational modifications of numerous proteins by small ubiquitinrelated modifiers (SUMO) play a major role in regulating a broad array of basic cellular and developmental processes. Genetic studies have shown, for example, that SUMOylation is essential for early embryogenesis in animals and plants. While SUMO target proteins are predominantly conjugated to monomeric SUMO, polySUMOylation has also been shown to occur. In grasses we have now identified the first protein, DSUL, naturally consisting of two head-to-tail SUMO-like protein domains, similar to mammalian Role and targets of diSUMO-like DSUL FAT10 and ISG15 that contain two ubiquitin-like (UbL) domains. Expression of DSUL is restricted to the micropylar region of the female gametophyte and zygote. Functional studies indicated that DSUL is required for nuclei positioning, cell specification and viability during female gametogenesis in maize. We will now study whether (i) DSUL uses the SUMO enzymatic machinery for conjugation and deconjugation or an own machinery for DSULylation and deDSULylation, identify (ii) DSUL substrates in maize as a prerequisite to study the mechanisms through which DSUL modification of proteins regulates cellular and developmental processes. DSUL target proteins shall (iii) be compared to SUMO und Ub targets in maize. Finally, we will (iv) elucidate the biological role of DSUL for asymmetric zygote division and spindle organization.

小泛素相关修饰物（SUMO）对许多蛋白质进行可逆的翻译后修饰，在调节一系列基本的细胞和发育过程中发挥重要作用。例如，遗传学研究表明，SUMO化对于动物和植物的早期胚胎发生是必不可少的。虽然SUMO靶蛋白主要与单体SUMO结合，但也显示发生聚SUMO化。在禾本科植物中，我们现在已经鉴定了第一种蛋白质DSUL，其天然地由两个头-尾SUMO样蛋白结构域组成，类似于含有两个泛素样（UbL）结构域的diSUL FAT 10和ISG 15的哺乳动物角色和靶标。DSUL的表达仅限于雌配子体和合子的珠孔区。功能研究表明DSUL在玉米雌配子发生过程中对细胞核定位、细胞特化和活力都是必需的。我们现在将研究（i）DSUL是否使用SUMO酶机制进行缀合和去缀合，或者使用自己的机制进行DSUL化和去DSUL化，确定（ii）玉米中的DSUL底物作为研究蛋白质的DSUL修饰调节细胞和发育过程的机制的先决条件。DSUL靶蛋白应（iii）与玉米中的SUMO和Ub靶蛋白进行比较。最后，我们将（iv）阐明DSUL的不对称合子分裂和纺锤体组织的生物学作用。