Collaborative Research: A pan-Arctic, storm-by-storm isotopic investigation of the influence of Arctic sea ice on precipitation - a crucial link in the coupled climate system

合作研究：针对北极海冰对降水影响的泛北极逐场风暴同位素调查 - 耦合气候系统中的关键环节

• 批准号: 1022032
• 负责人: Xiahong Feng
• 金额: $ 51.45万
• 依托单位: Dartmouth College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1022032&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; pan; Arctic; storm

This project will quantify the relationship between the ice-free area of the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas, and evaporation and precipitation in the Arctic region. The methodology uses isotopic compositions of storm-by-storm precipitation samples, pan-Arctic meteorological data, and numerical modeling. Precipitation samples will be collected at nine Arctic observatories, and by three high schools in Greenland. Samples will be analyzed for D/H and 18O/16O ratios. The track of a given storm will be reconstructed using reanalysis data and a Lagrangian trajectory algorithm. The moisture sources are then localized, and the δ18O, δD and d-excess of the source vapor are calculated using the sea surface temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. The sea ice area transected by each storm will be obtained using high-resolution satellite products. A two-dimensional (2D) model of the atmospheric moisture cycle will be used to compute the isotopic composition of precipitation for each storm at each site using reanalysis values of meteorological variables at the times and regions identified by the Lagrangian back trajectory, and assuming a range of sea ice concentrations. The sea ice concentration that best fits our isotopic measurements is then compared with the satellite sea ice data. The isotope data will thus yield, via the 2D model, the sensitivity of Arctic evaporation and precipitation to ice area. The project will yield a quantitative understanding of the links among sea ice, and moisture sources and amounts of Arctic precipitation, which comprise an important part of climate dynamics on a wide range of time scales. The results will be pertinent to the interpretation of ice core data, ice age dynamics, sudden climate change, and global warming. This project also intends to integrate research with education and outreach, which will directly benefit participating Arctic communities. The project aims to improve community understanding of how climate change research is done, by providing Arctic students with new knowledge and skills, and by inspiring them to pursue advanced studies. At the same time, the PI's will benefit from learning traditional methods of observing, categorizing, and forecasting weather and climate from the communities participating in the study.

该项目将量化北极海与周围海洋无冰区域之间的关系，以及北极地区的蒸发和降水。 该方法使用逐步降水样品，泛极气象数据和数值建模的同位素组成。将在9个北极观测站和格陵兰的三所高中收集降水样品。样品将分析D/H和18O/16O比率。给定风暴的轨迹将使用重新分析数据和拉格朗日轨迹算法重建。然后将水分源定位，并使用海面温度，相对湿度和风速计算源蒸气的＆＃948; 18o，＆＃948; d和d-excess。每次风暴转移的海冰区将使用高分辨率卫星产品获得。大气湿度周期的二维（2D）模型将使用在拉格朗日背部轨迹鉴定的时间和地区的气象变量的重新分析值，并假设海冰浓度范围。然后将最适合我们同位素测量的海冰浓度与卫星海冰数据进行比较。因此，同位素数据将通过2D模型产生北极蒸发和对冰面积的降水的敏感性。该项目将对海冰之间的联系以及北极降水量的水分和量，这构成了在广泛的时间尺度上的重要组成部分。结果将与解释冰核数据，冰期动态，突然的气候变化和全球变暖有关。 该项目还打算将研究与教育和外展融合，这将直接受益于参与的北极社区。该项目旨在通过为北极学生提供新的知识和技能，并激励他们从事高级研究，从而提高社区对如何进行气候变化研究的理解。 同时，PI的研究将受益于学习参与研究的社区的传统观察，分类和预测天气和气候的传统方法。