Collaborative Research: NSWP: Modeling and Observations of the East-West Effect in Solar Energetic Particle Flux at Geosynchronous

太阳高能粒子（SEP）事件是由太阳耀斑或与日冕物质抛射相关的冲击波引起的。这些粒子由离子和电子组成，具有相对论能量，在最初产生粒子的事件发生后几分钟到几小时内就能到达地球。由于它们的能量非常高，到达地球的速度也非常快，这些事件代表了重大的太空天气危害。在地球的磁层中，高能粒子的东向和西向的通量通常有很大的不同。该项目将在无法直接观测的地点生成磁层内粒子通量的基于物理的定量模型。该项目将利用由太阳风参数驱动的经验磁层模型中的全球测试粒子模拟。模拟将研究磁层内导致粒子地磁截止变化的电流系统。来自GOES地球同步卫星的数据将用于确定东西不对称性的大小。它将建立太阳风的状态与东西向粒子通量的相对量级之间的统计关系。

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events result from solar flares or from shock waves associated with Coronal Mass Ejections. The particles consist of both ions and electrons that have relativistic energies and reach Earth within minutes to a few hours of the event that initially generated the particles. Because of their very high energies and the speed with which they reach the Earth, these events represent significant space weather hazards. Within Earth's magnetosphere there is often a large difference between the eastward and westward fluxes of the energetic particles. This project will generate a physics-based, quantitative model of the particle fluxes within the magnetosphere at locations where direct observations are unavailable. The project will utilize global test particle simulations within an empirical magnetosphere mdoel that is driven by the solar wind parameters. The simulations will investigate the electric current systems within the magnetosphere that lead to variations in the geomagnetic cutoffs of the particles. Data from the GOES geosynchronous satellites will be used to determine the magnitude of the east-west asymmetry. It will establish statistical relationships between the state of the solar wind and the relative magnitudes of the eastward and westward particle fluxes.