Collaborative Research: Spatial Analysis of Ecosystem Service Shifts Caused by Climate Change and Land Conversion in the Metropolitan Fringe

合作研究：气候变化和大都市边缘土地转化引起的生态系统服务转移的空间分析

• 批准号: 1026605
• 负责人: John Lambrinos
• 金额: $ 6.46万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1026605&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Spatial; Analysis; Ecosystem

Land conversion and climate change are rapidly changing the provision, use, and value of ecosystem services on the rural-urban fringe landscapes. Most previous ecosystem service studies addressed the effects of either land conversion or climate change, but not both, on individual ecosystem services. Additionally most ecosystem services models have yet to be well-validated with plot-level data and observed dynamic effects. As a result, methodologies for measuring the changes in the magnitude and the spatial patterns of ecosystem services and tradeoffs among multiple ecosystem services are still being developed and tested. An interdisciplinary team of scientists, including geographers, environmental economists, ecologists, and policy analysts engaged with community partners, will use two ecosystem service assessment models (InVEST and Counting on the Environment metrics) and modern spatial analysis to quantify expected changes in ecosystem service provision, use, and value on a rapidly changing rural-urban fringe landscape in the Northern Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA. The researchers will first analyze the biophysical provision, use, and economic value of ecosystem services on the current landscape at various scales, from farm to landscape. They will assess how these levels and values of ecosystem services are expected to change in the study region due to land use/land cover and climate change, separately and jointly, at multiple spatial scales. The investigators will determine what areas, if used less intensively or conserved, would most cost-effectively prevent any expected declines in the value of ecosystem services on the landscape where cost-effectiveness is measured as ecosystem service value generated per economic opportunity cost of conservation. This project will compare the outputs of two ecosystem service models and recommend improvements when possible. The investigators will engage policy stakeholders in the analysis to explore the interaction of ecosystem service science, scale, and complex policy negotiations. In all stages of analysis this project will assess the provision and pattern of species habitat in the study area and its ability to sustain native species, such as anadromous fish.This project will improve the ecosystem service provision and value analytical methodologies as well as advance the theory of ecosystem service modeling by testing two models with field data. This research will thus illuminate the unexplored area of tradeoffs and complementarities among multiple ecosystem services shifts and spatial targeting for land conservation to sustain ecosystem services in a rapidly growing metropolitan fringe. The integrated, spatial approach will provide an excellent model for spatial ecosystem services studies, offering opportunities for transforming the studies of integrated environmental sciences and management. This project will support provisions of the 2008 farm bill that mandates the development of tools for assessing the influence of land management on ecosystem services by guiding regional planning and site-specific assessment tools that help on-the ground implementation. The project will produce a rich collection of data and analytic tools that will directly assist the ongoing development of comprehensive ecosystem service marketplaces. An information clearinghouse will provide the range of stakeholders collaborating on the creation of the marketplace (researchers, state and federal agencies, policy makers, and NGO?s) direct access to project results and datasets for evaluating policy options. The research will provide educational opportunities for several graduate and undergraduate students and a post-doctoral scholar.

土地转换和气候变化正在迅速改变城乡结合部景观生态系统服务的提供、使用和价值。大多数以前的生态系统服务的研究解决了土地转换或气候变化，但不是两者兼而有之，对个别生态系统服务的影响。此外，大多数生态系统服务模型尚未得到充分验证的地块级数据和观察到的动态效应。因此，用于衡量生态系统服务的规模和空间格局变化以及多种生态系统服务之间的权衡的方法仍在开发和测试之中。一个跨学科的科学家团队，包括地理学家，环境经济学家，生态学家和与社区合作伙伴合作的政策分析师，将使用两个生态系统服务评估模型（投资和计算环境指标）和现代空间分析，以量化生态系统服务的提供，使用和价值在北方威拉米特谷，俄勒冈州，美国快速变化的城乡边缘景观的预期变化。研究人员将首先分析从农场到景观的各种尺度上的生态系统服务的生物物理提供，使用和经济价值。他们将评估这些生态系统服务的水平和价值预计将如何在研究区域内因土地利用/土地覆盖和气候变化而在多个空间尺度上单独或共同发生变化。调查人员将确定哪些地区，如果不太密集地使用或保护，将最具成本效益地防止景观生态系统服务价值的任何预期下降，其中成本效益是以保护的每个经济机会成本产生的生态系统服务价值来衡量的。该项目将比较两种生态系统服务模式的产出，并在可能的情况下提出改进建议。研究人员将让政策利益相关者参与分析，以探索生态系统服务科学，规模和复杂政策谈判的相互作用。本项目将在分析的各个阶段评估研究区物种栖息地的供应和格局及其对本地物种（如溯河产卵鱼类）的维持能力，通过实地数据对两个模型进行检验，改进生态系统服务提供和价值分析方法，并推进生态系统服务模型理论。因此，这项研究将照亮未开发的领域的权衡和互补性之间的多种生态系统服务的变化和空间目标的土地保护，以维持生态系统服务在快速增长的大都市边缘。综合的空间方法将为空间生态系统服务研究提供一个很好的模式，为综合环境科学和管理研究的转型提供机会。该项目将支持2008年农业法案的规定，该法案授权通过指导区域规划和有助于实地执行的针对具体地点的评估工具，开发评估土地管理对生态系统服务影响的工具。该项目将产生丰富的数据集和分析工具，直接协助综合生态系统服务市场的持续发展。一个信息交换中心将提供一系列利益相关者合作建立市场（研究人员，州和联邦机构，决策者和非政府组织？s）直接获取项目成果和数据集，以评估政策选项。这项研究将为几名研究生和本科生以及一名博士后学者提供教育机会。