COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: The Resilient Rural America: Drivers of speedy and high quality recovery following a disaster

合作研究：有弹性的美国农村：灾难后快速、高质量恢复的驱动因素

• 批准号: 1045616
• 负责人: Robert Olshansky
• 金额: $ 7.89万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1045616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Resilient; Rural; America

Despite a growing literature on disaster resilience, our understanding of what makes rural areas resilient remains limited. Existing literature mainly focuses on urban areas and characterizes rural areas as more vulnerable than urban areas without recognizing the possibility of rural resilience. Furthermore, there is a lack of robust and consistent indicators focusing both on the vulnerability and resilience of rural areas. This study is advances scientific research on disaster resilience in rural areas. The specific aims are to (1) develop an innovative, multi-faceted, place-based vulnerability and resilience index with an exclusive focus on rural areas (called the Rural Vulnerability and Resilience Index or RVRI in short); (2) identify the consequences of vulnerability and resilience in terms of disaster recovery (in the context of the 1993 Midwest Floods, 1996 Southern Plains Drought, and the 2005 Hurricane Katrina); and (3) develop policy options for rural areas on enhancing disaster resilience. The Resilient Rural America project significantly enhances the abilities of policy makers and practitioners by providing new knowledge of how disaster vulnerability and resilience change over time and across rural areas in the U.S. It will help them tailor policies to reduce the vulnerabilities of each rural area and make more informed funding allocation decisions at the state and federal levels to reduce disparities in preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation capacities.

尽管关于抗灾能力的文献越来越多，但我们对农村地区抗灾能力的理解仍然有限。现有的文献主要侧重于城市地区，认为农村地区比城市地区更脆弱，而没有认识到农村复原力的可能性。此外，缺乏既注重农村地区脆弱性又注重复原力的强有力和一致的指标。本研究为农村地区抗灾能力的科学研究提供了新的思路。具体目标是：（1）制定一个创新的、多方面的、以地方为基础的脆弱性和复原力指数，专门侧重于农村地区（简称为农村脆弱性和复原力指数，简称RVRI）;（2）确定脆弱性和抗灾能力对灾后恢复的影响（在1993年中西部洪水、1996年南部平原干旱和2005年卡特里娜飓风的背景下）;（3）为农村地区制定增强抗灾能力的政策选择。美国农村抗灾项目通过提供关于灾害脆弱性和抗灾能力如何随时间和美国农村地区变化的新知识，大大提高了决策者和从业人员的能力。缓解能力。