Household Organization during the Pithouse Period at the Harris Site, Mimbres River Valley, New Mexico

新墨西哥州明布尔斯河谷哈里斯遗址坑坑时期的家庭组织

• 批准号: 1049434
• 负责人: Barbara Roth
• 金额: $ 17.14万
• 依托单位: University of Nevada Las Vegas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1049434&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Household; Organization; during; Pithouse; Period

With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Barbara Roth will conduct two seasons of archaeological excavations at the Harris Site, a pit house village located in the Mimbres River Valley of southwestern New Mexico. The site was occupied during the Late Pithouse period from about A.D. 500 to A.D. 1000. It was originally excavated in the 1930s by renowned Southwestern archaeologist Emil Haury, who used data from the site in defining the Mogollon as a distinct prehistoric cultural group in the Southwest. Haury excavated the southern portion of the site, leaving the north end untouched. Dr. Roth's research will focus on this northern portion. The goals of her research are to examine how households were organized and to determine if household organization changed over time as the people living at Harris devoted more of their time and efforts to agricultural production and began to stay permanently at the site. The Harris Site provides a unique opportunity to address these research goals because it is the only pithouse village of its size in the Mimbres River Valley that does not have a later Classic period pueblo built over it. Dr. Roth's work at the site to date has identified two spatially distinct clusters of pithouses that appear to be socially distinct based on differences in architecture and artifacts found within them. Additional fieldwork and the analysis of all of the recovered materials will further investigate these clusters to see if they represent autonomous households that moved residences over time or if they are related households, akin to extended family groups found at later pueblo sites. Variation in households in terms of architecture or artifact content can also be used to determine if differences in wealth, status, or labor organization existed between these clusters. This research will be accomplished by excavating additional pithouses within these two clusters and a possible third cluster on the east end of the site, and by excavating between houses to identify any features such as outdoor hearths or storage pits associated with them. The analysis of artifacts recovered from the houses and associated features and careful dating of all features will be instrumental in addressing how households were organized and whether this changed over time. The intellectual merit of this project lies in its potential to enhance our understanding of pithouse occupations in the Southwest and to contribute to a broader understanding of the role of household organization in prehistory.The broader impacts of this research lie in providing opportunities for student training and research and in the dissemination of the research results, especially to the public. Undergraduate and graduate students will be involved in all phases of the project, including field work, data analysis, and publication. Perhaps more importantly, the project provides an opportunity for public outreach in the Mimbres area, an area known for its elaborate black-on-white pottery and consequently, looting. Public outreach remains a powerful tool for educating people against looting so every opportunity to provide public education will be taken.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，芭芭拉·罗斯博士将在哈里斯遗址进行两个季节的考古发掘，哈里斯遗址是位于新墨西哥州西南部明布尔斯河谷的一个坑屋村庄。 该遗址在大约公元 500 年至公元 1000 年的深坑晚期时期被占领。它最初由著名的西南考古学家 Emil Haury 在 1930 年代挖掘，他利用该遗址的数据将莫戈隆人定义为西南地区一个独特的史前文化群体。 豪里挖掘了该​​遗址的南部部分，而北端未受影响。 罗斯博士的研究将集中在北部地区。 她的研究目标是检查家庭是如何组织的，并确定家庭组织是否随着时间的推移而发生变化，因为生活在哈里斯的人们将更多的时间和精力投入到农业生产并开始永久居住在该地点。 哈里斯遗址为实现这些研究目标提供了一个独特的机会，因为它是明布雷斯河谷中唯一一个同等规模且没有在其上建造晚期古典时期普韦布洛的坑屋村庄。 罗斯博士迄今为止在该地点的工作已经确定了两个空间上不同的坑室群，根据在坑室中发现的建筑和文物的差异，这些坑室似乎在社会上有所不同。 额外的实地工作和对所有回收材料的分析将进一步调查这些集群，看看它们是否代表随着时间推移而搬迁的自治家庭，或者它们是否是相关家庭，类似于后来在普韦布洛遗址发现的大家庭群体。 家庭在建筑或文物内容方面的变化也可以用来确定这些集群之间是否存在财富、地位或劳动组织的差异。这项研究将通过在这两个集群内挖掘额外的坑室以及场地东端可能的第三个集群来完成，并通过在房屋之间挖掘来识别任何特征，例如与之相关的室外壁炉或储藏坑。 对从房屋和相关特征中发现的文物进行分析，并对所有特征进行仔细测年，将有助于解决家庭的组织方式以及这种情况是否随着时间的推移而发生变化。 该项目的智力价值在于它有可能增强我们对西南地区坑坑职业的了解，并有助于更广泛地了解史前家庭组织的作用。这项研究的更广泛影响在于为学生培训和研究提供机会，以及传播研究成果，特别是向公众传播。 本科生和研究生将参与该项目的所有阶段，包括实地工作、数据分析和出版。 也许更重要的是，该项目为明布雷斯地区的公众宣传提供了机会，该地区以其精美的黑白陶器和抢劫而闻名。 公共宣传仍然是教育人们反对抢劫的有力工具，因此我们将抓住一切提供公共教育的机会。