RAPID: Quantifying the Impact of the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on the Health and Productivity of Louisiana Salt Marshes

RAPID：量化 BP 深水地平线漏油事件对路易斯安那州盐沼健康和生产力的影响

• 批准号: 1050500
• 负责人: Deepak Mishra
• 金额: $ 19.97万
• 依托单位: Mississippi State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2012-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1050500&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Quantifying; Impact; BP; Deepwater

Assessment of marsh health is essential to the evaluation of the short-term impact of the BP Deepwater Horizon spill and for the prioritization of future restoration actions. This study will allow the identification of hotspots of marsh degradation by evaluating marsh biophysical characteristics including distribution of chlorophyll content, green leaf area, and green marsh canopy cover. These characteristics are the primary indicators of photosynthetic capacity and physiological status of marsh vegetation. NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images will be used to retrieve and map these characteristics across the coastal Louisiana salt marshes before and after the spill. Pre and post spill weekly composite maps of salt marsh biophysical characteristics for the entire Louisiana coast will be generated showing the extent of damage and recovery. By examining the satellite images, the overall health and productivity of coastal salt marsh can be inferred and the ecological impact of the oil and oil/dispersant on health and productivity of these sensitive ecosystem can be effectively analyzed.The maps and tools produced by this study will be helpful to coastal managers across Louisiana as they evaluate and prioritize the massive marsh restoration effort that is going to take place because of the spill. For the first time, tangible map products will be generated that can quantitatively assess the effect of the restoration activities and speed of marsh ecosystem recovery. The proposal also directly addresses the Gulf of Mexico Alliance's (GOMA) long term goal to enhance monitoring for the conservation and restoration of coastal wetlands throughout the Gulf of Mexico.

评估沼泽健康对于评估BP Deepwater Horizo​​n溢出的短期影响以及对未来恢复行动的优先次序至关重要。这项研究将通过评估沼泽生物物理特征，包括叶绿素含量，绿叶面积和绿色沼泽冠层覆盖物的分布来识别沼泽降解的热点。这些特征是光合作用能力和沼泽植被生理状态的主要指标。 NASA的中等分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）卫星图像将用于在溢出之前和之后在路易斯安那州沿海盐沼泽中检索和绘制这些特征。将在整个路易斯安那海岸的盐沼生物物理特征的每周溢出前后的复合图显示出损害和恢复的程度。通过检查卫星图像，可以有效地分析沿海盐沼泽的整体健康和生产力，油，油/分散剂对这些敏感生态系统的健康和生产力的生态影响可以有效地分析。这项研究所产生的地图和工具对跨越路易斯安那州的沿海经理进行评估和优先事项，以实现大规模的努力，以实现大规模的努力。将首次生成有形的地图产品，可以定量评估沼泽生态系统恢复的恢复活动的影响和速度。该提案还直接解决了墨西哥联盟（GOMA）的长期目标，以增强监测整个墨西哥湾沿海湿地的监测和恢复。