Collaborative Research: Experimental Macroecology: Effects of Temperature on Biodiversity

合作研究：实验宏观生态学：温度对生物多样性的影响

• 批准号: 1065844
• 负责人: Michael Kaspari
• 金额: $ 280万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1065844&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Experimental; Macroecology; Effects

The increased diversity of living organisms from the poles to the tropics is one of the most pronounced features of life on Earth. But it still lacks an explanation. One universal feature of this relationship, as seen across the land, oceans, lakes and rivers, is that hotter environments have more organisms of all kinds: animals, plants, and microbes. In this study, a big picture, or macroecological, approach will be used to study the effect of temperature on biodiversity. It will generate mathematical models for how temperature, through its effect on chemical and biological processes, affects ecological interactions and patterns of biodiversity. The models will be tested on three kinds of organisms that play key roles in forests: trees that produce leaves, small animals that eat decaying leaves and other material from plants, and microbes that consume whatever remains. Standardized field surveys along a gradient of increasing temperature from a high-elevation conifer forest in Colorado to a tropical rainforest in Panama will be combined with controlled experiments in the field and laboratory to document changes in genetic diversity, functional diversity and ecological processes.The proposed research will predict impacts of global climate change on biodiversity and ecological processes, topics of major concern to policymakers and society. The project will also train a new generation of undergraduates, doctoral students, and postdoctoral scientists in the new multi-disciplinary, multi-investigator, collaborative research needed to address the challenging environmental problems that societies face.

从两极到热带地区，生物多样性的增加是地球上生命最显著的特征之一。但它仍然缺乏解释。这种关系的一个普遍特征，正如在陆地，海洋，湖泊和河流中所看到的那样，是更热的环境有更多的各种生物：动物，植物和微生物。 在这项研究中，一个大的图片，或宏观生态，方法将被用来研究温度对生物多样性的影响。它将产生数学模型，说明温度如何通过其对化学和生物过程的影响，影响生态相互作用和生物多样性模式。这些模型将在三种在森林中发挥关键作用的生物体上进行测试：产生叶子的树木，吃腐烂的叶子和其他植物材料的小动物，以及消耗任何剩余物的微生物。 从美国科罗拉多州的高海拔针叶林到巴拿马的热带雨林，沿着温度梯度进行标准化的野外调查，并结合野外和实验室的控制实验，记录遗传多样性、功能多样性和生态过程的变化。拟议的研究将预测全球气候变化对生物多样性和生态过程的影响。决策者和社会关注的重大问题。该项目还将培养新一代的本科生，博士生和博士后科学家，进行新的多学科，多研究者，合作研究，以解决社会面临的挑战性环境问题。