SBIR Phase I: Novel Desulfur Processes for Producing Biodiesel from Grease Trap Waste

SBIR 第一阶段：利用隔油池废物生产生物柴油的新型脱硫工艺

• 批准号: 1106630
• 负责人: Rong Jiang
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Midwest Energy Group Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1106630&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Novel; Desulfur; Processes

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project will address fat, oil, and grease (?brown grease?) reclaimed out of the wastewater collected from restaurant grease interceptors. These contain free fatty acids (?FFA?), glycerides and a significant amount of sulfur compounds (soaps, detergents, etc.). Thus, crude biodiesel produced from sewer brown grease may have a total sulfur concentration greater than 10,000 ppm?well above the 15 ppm limit specified in the biodiesel ASTM standard. It is proposed to examine novel and economical strategies for reducing sulfur in crude biodiesel to meet its ASTM standard: (1) metal sorbent adsorption: using a metal sorbent for selective removal of sulfur out of biodiesel, (2) oxidation-adsorption: oxidizing sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones, which could be facilely scavenged by clay or silica; and (3) the combination of these two methods for deep sulfur reduction.The broader/commercial impacts of this research are effective remediation of waste grease streams. It is estimated that each year, over 4 billion pounds of brown grease are buried at the landfill sites or dumped at wastewater treatment plants?which could equate to 500 million gallons of biodiesel. Effective remediation of waste grease streams could produce a value-added supply of biomass for energy conversion with an annual market value over $2 billion. Converting sewer brown grease into biodiesel will not only reduce environmental pollutions, but also create jobs and reduce reliance on foreign oils. The use of low-sulfur biodiesel from sewer brown grease will reduce SOx and greenhouse gas emissions.

小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目将研究脂肪、油和油脂(？褐色油脂？)从餐馆油脂拦截器收集的废水中回收。这些含有游离脂肪酸（FFA）、甘油酯和大量的含硫化合物（肥皂、洗涤剂等）。因此，从下水道棕色油脂生产的粗生物柴油的总硫浓度可能大于10,000 ppm？远高于生物柴油ASTM标准中规定的15ppm限值。建议研究新的和经济的策略来减少粗生物柴油中的硫，以满足其ASTM标准：(1)金属吸附剂吸附：使用金属吸附剂选择性地去除生物柴油中的硫；(2)氧化吸附：将硫化物氧化成亚砜和砜，这些硫化物可以被粘土或二氧化硅轻松清除；(3)两种方法相结合进行深度硫还原。这项研究的更广泛/商业影响是有效地修复废油脂流。据估计，每年有超过40亿磅的棕色油脂被埋在垃圾填埋场或倾倒在污水处理厂。这相当于5亿加仑的生物柴油。有效地修复废油脂流，可产生用于能源转换的生物质的增值供应，每年的市场价值超过20亿元。将下水道棕色油脂转化为生物柴油不仅能减少环境污染，还能创造就业机会，减少对外国石油的依赖。使用从下水道棕色油脂中提取的低硫生物柴油将减少硫氧化物和温室气体的排放。